U.S. Conservation Policies
Endangered Species Act
Protected Areas
Conservation Planning and International Agreements
Invasive Species Policy
100
This 1900 law was the first federal conservation law, targeting the illegal transport of wildlife across state lines
The Lacey Act
100
The 1979 ESA amendments created this committee, which can exempt projects from ESA restrictions.
The "God Squad" or Endangered Species Committee
100
Known as the "Conservation President," he created 5 national parks and signed the Antiquities Act.
Theodore ("Teddy") Roosevelt
100
The first step in the conservation planning process is to ______ ________
Identify targets (species or ecosystems)
100
Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act of 1990 (NANPCA) was a direct response to the ecological and economic impacts of this aquatic organism
Zebra Mussel
200
While known for dams and levees, this agency also aids conservation through wetland restoration and fish passage modifications.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
200
Section 9 of the ESA prohibits ________ any Endangered Species
Taking
200
This New Deal program (1933–1941) built trails, planted trees, and improved habitats in national parks Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
200
Species that are sensitive to environmental changes, indicating ecosystem health (e.g., certain amphibians)
Indicator Species
200
What is this ship doing?
Releasing Ballast Water
300
This agency manages 245 million acres of public land mostly in the Western U.S., balancing uses like grazing, mining, energy production, and conservation.
The Bureau of Land Management
300
The "Timber Wars" erupted after logging restrictions were imposed to protect this owl species
Northern Spotted Owl
300
Managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, these lands are managed to conserve wildlife and plant life, with recreation as a secondary priority
Wildlife Refuges
300
Adopted in 1992 at the Rio Earth Summit, this international treaty aims to conserve global biodiversity and promote sustainable resource use, the U.S. did not ratify it
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
300
This ornamental tree, introduced in the 1700s, became the first recorded invasive plant in the U.S.
Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
400
Modeled after Pittman-Robertson, this 1950 act taxes fishing gear to fund fish restoration.
Dingell-Johnson Act (or Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Act)
400
Three types of listings in the ESA include: Endangered, Threatened and _________ __________
Critical Habitat
400
These State-run areas are funded through the Wildlife Restoration Act (Pittman-Robertson Act), promoting habitat restoration and wildlife-dependent recreation
Wildlife Management Areas (WMA's)
400
Large and recognizable species that garner public support (e.g., elephants, tigers) are _____________ species
Flagship (also accept charismatic megafauna)
400
This 2000 law consolidated earlier plant protection laws (Plant Quarantine Act and Federal Noxious Weed act) and strengthened USDA enforcement.
Plant Protection Act
500
This 1980 act provides financial assistance to states for the management of non-game wildlife species.
Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act
500
The famous 1978 case involving this tiny fish halted a dam’s construction, testing the ESA’s power.
The Snail Darter
500
Areas that preserve 'pristine' nature with minimal infrastructure, no roads and no motor vehicles. May be managed by various agencies depending on location
Wilderness Areas
500
This membership union of NGO's has 1,400 member organizations representing 160 countries, and helps prioritize global conservation targets
IUCN
500
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates and registers ____________ for use targeting invasive species
Pesticides
600
This 1976 act extended U.S. fishery jurisdiction to 200 miles offshore and created regional fishery councils.
Magnuson-Stevens Act
600
This section of the ESA requires federal agencies to consult with wildlife agencies before taking actions that may harm listed species
Section 7
600
The 'Great Green Wall' is an example of a transboundary collaboration to combat this environmental crisis across 11 African countries.
Desertification
600
These models estimate the potential habitats of species based on observed data and environmental factors
Species Distribution Models
600
Executive Order 13112 (1999) established the ________ ________ ________ Council to coordinate federal efforts to control invasive species
National Invasive Species Council
700
This 1990 law introduced the "Dolphin-Safe" label to reduce dolphin deaths in tuna fisheries
Dolphin Protection Consumer Information Act
700
Under this type of agreement, landowners improve habitat for listed species without fear of future restrictions if species recover
Conservation Benefit Agreement (CBA) or
Safe Harbor Agreements (SHA)
700
UNESCO’s ___ ___ ___ program designates sites like the Grand Canyon for global conservation funding.
World Heritage Site
700
A global treaty established in 1975 to regulate international trade in wild plants and animals, ensuring it is legal and sustainable
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)
700
A country which wants to restrict imports or require phytosanitary treatments under the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) must conduct a ________ __________ _________
Pest Risk Analysis (PRA)