The Articles of Confederation
Under the Articles of Confederation, the founders developed a [BLANK] federal government and [BLANK] state governments
Weak/ Strong
The goal of the U.S. Constitution was to...
Strengthen the federal government
The fundamental principles found in the U.S. Constitution were based on what European movement?
The Enlightenment
What is Judicial Review?
The ability of the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional ("interpret" laws)
What political party was Thomas Jefferson a leader of under the Washington Administration?
Democratic-Republicans
Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?
The federal government did not have enough power-- couldn't successfully unit the states (Unable to levy taxes, no single national currency, lack of elected chief executive)
Explain the Great Compromise.
Developed a Bicameral Legislature in Congress: The House of Representative (based on population); The Senate (equal representation- 2 per state)
The ability of the president to veto legislation is an example of what constitutional principle?
Checks and Balances
Judicial Review was established as a result of which landmark Supreme Court Case?
Marbury v. Madison (under the Marshall Court)
Identify ONE piece of advice Washington gave to the nation in his Farewell Address
- The dangers of Political Parties
- Neutrality
- Remain unified
Which event demonstrated to many Americans that a stronger national government was needed to avoid civil unrest?
Shays Rebellion
Explain the 3/5th Compromise.
Every 5 slaves would count as 3 people for taxation and representation purposes
The ability of the federal government to declare war is an example of a _______ power.
Delegated Power
Both John Marshall and Alexander Hamilton believed that a ________ interpretation of the Constitution could be used to increase federal power
Loose
Identify one precedent set by George Washington during his presidency
- Created a cabinet of advisors
- Inaugural Address
- "Mr. President"
- Unofficial 2 term presidency
Which document provided a pathway to statehood?
The Northwest Ordinance
What compromise did the Anti-Federalists push for in order to protect individual liberties?
The inclusion of the Bill of Rights
The constitutional principle that describes the division of power between the state and federal government is referred to as what?
Federalism
This clause grants Congress the power to pass all laws deemed "necessary and proper" that would allow them to carry out its own powers
Elastic Clause
What did McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) establish regarding the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States?
Maryland may not impose a tax on the bank; the ability of Congress to establish a national bank is constitutional
What stance did the Northwest Ordinance establish regarding slavery in the
Northwest Territory?
It banned slavery in the Northwest Territory
What was the commerce compromise?
It granted Congress the power to regulate foreign and interstate trade; Congress could not tax exports or take action against slavery for 20 years
Federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances are constitutional principles that directly
Reduce the concentration of governmental power
How can we change or modify the U.S. Constitution?
The Amendment Process: the Constitution provides that an amendment may be proposed either by the Congress with a two-thirds majority vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate or by a constitutional convention called for by two-thirds of the State legislatures
Explain the impact of the Whiskey Rebellion
Washington was able to use the power of the Federal government to enforce federal laws