Search and Seizure
This is the legal requirment for law enforcement to conduct a search or seizure under most circumstances.
What is probable cause?
This Amendment allows citizens to peaceably assemble.
What is the 1st Amendment?
This landmark Supreme Court Case established the requirement that suspects must be informed of their rights before custodial interrogation.
What is Mirranda v. Arizona?
This legal standard allows law enforcement to stop and briefly detain an individual if they can point to specific facts suggesting criminal activity.
What is reasonablke articulable suspicion?
This clause in Article VI of the constitution establishes that federal laws and the Constitution take precedence over state laws.
What is the Supremency Clause?
This document, issued by a judge, authorizes law enforcement to search a specific location or seize specific items.
What is a search warrant?
This document was ratified on Dec. 15th, 1791.
What is the Bill of Rights?
This term refers to the right of a suspect to remain silent and not incriminate themselves during an interrogation.
What is the 5th Amendment right against self-incrimination?
This case establishes the legal precedent for police officers to perform "stop and frisk" procedures
What is Terry v. Ohio?
This clause in Article IV of the Constitution ensures that states recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of the other states.
What is the Full Faith and Credit Clause?
Under this exception to the warrant requirement, Officers may search a vehicle without a warrant if they have probable cause to belive it contains evidence of a crime.
What is the automobile exception?
This Amendment protects citizens from being able to be a witness against him/herself
What is the 5th Amendment?
this is the delay in arraignment rule which requires suppression of confessions obtained during a period of unnecessary delay in presenting the suspect to a magistrate for arraignment
what is McNabb-Mallory?
This is the big picture
what is totality of circumstance?
This Supreme Court Case Established the warrant requirement for wire taps
This legal principle allows law enforcement to seize evidence or contraband that is clearly visible during a lawful observation.
What is plain view doctrine?
This Amendment protects against unreasonable search and seizure.
What is the 4th Amendment?
This immediately ends an interrogation
What is asking for a lawyer?
This is an investigative encounter in which a suspect's cooperation is voluntary
What is voluntary encounter?
This clause in Article IV, Section 2 of the constitution requires states to return individuals chargesd with crimes in other states to the the juristiction where the crime was commited.
What is the Extradition Clause?
These are Seizable Evidence
Fruits of the crime, instrumentalities use in its commission, contraband, mere evidence
This Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment
What is the 8th Amendment?
This legal standard determines whether a confession was given voluntarily and without coercion by law enforcement.
What is that voluntariness standard?
This is a written statement of facts, signed and sworn to before a person having authority to administer an oath.
What is an Affidavit?
This 1991 Supreme Court case determined that that admission of an involuntary confession at trial is subject to harmless error analysis, meaning that a convistion can still stand if the procecution proves beyond a reasonable doubt that th
What is Arizona v. Fulminante?