Freedom of Speech
The Bill of Rights
Search and Seizure
Arrest and Detention
The Right to Counsel/Fair Trial
100

Derogatory or abusive remarks spoken to another person in a face-to-face encounter

What is fighting words?

100

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed

What is the 2nd Amendment?

100

Occurs when police commit a meaningful interference with a person's possessory interest in property

What is a seizure?

100
Limited seizure made for the purpose of investigating suspicious circumstances

What is investigative stop or Terry Frisk?

100

A pretrial identification procedure in which a group of photographs is shown to the victim or a witness to determine whether an identification can be made

What is photographic identification? 

200

Speech that is crude, coarse, or profane

What is vulgar speech?

200

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury

What is the 5th Amendment?

200

Searches and seizures performed by private parties, abandoned property, plain view, and canine inspections. 

What is a nonsearch investigative activity?

200

A stop made for a traffic violation in which the officer's real motive is to check a hunch about unrelated criminal activity

What is a pretextual traffic stop?

200

Writ issued by a federal judge directing the person who has custody of a prisoner to produce the person in court so that the court can decide whether the prisoner is being unlawfully held 

What is habeas corpus?

300

As a result of Young v. America and other cases, there are now three categories of speech 

What is fully protected, unprotected, and speech that is limited?

300

In Suit's at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right to a trail by jury shall be preserved

What is the 7th Amendment?

300

Fruits of a crime, instrumentalities of. its commission, contraband, and other evidence of its commission

What is four categories of objects police may seize for use as evidence?

300

Police words or conduct that would induce a reasonable person to believe he or she was not free to leave 

What is show of legal authority?

300

Physical evidence derived from body characteristics that are routinely displayed to the public, such as one's physical appearance, voice, handwriting, and fingerprints

What is appearance evidence?

400

The right to gather information, maintain ideas and beliefs, communicate ideas and beliefs to others, engage in symbolic speech

What is the First Amendment concept of speech?

400
The enumeration in the Constitution, or certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people
What is the 9th Amendment?
400

A warrant that authorizes police to search for evidence that is not currently at the specified location, but is expected to be there at the time of the search 

What is anticipatory search warrant? 

400
The right of police officers to cross jurisdictional lines when they are in immediate, uninterrupted pursuit of a fleeing felon

What is fresh pursuit?

400

Factors that permit the sentencer to show mercy and withhold the death penalty for a crime for which the death penalty is authorized 

What is mitigating circumstances?

500

Speech advocating violence or other unlawful action forfeits First Amendment protection only if the speech is directed toward inciting lawless action

What is incitement to immediate unlawful action?

500

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States or to the people

What is the 10th Amendment?

500

Evidence that links a suspect to a crime, clothing worn during the crime

What is mere evidence? 

500

An unconstitutional seizure can ruin a person's reputation, destroy admissibility of evidence, and lead to a civil suit

What is consequences of an unconstitutional seizure?

500

The test used in federal courts and a majority of state courts to determine when prosecutions brought under different sections of the penal code represent the same offense

What is "same elements" test?

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