Forces and Motion
This happens when a force is applied to an object.
What is a change in shape?
True or false: An object must be moving for a contact force to act on it.
False; a stationary object can still experience a contact force
This form of energy is associated with the motion of an object and differs from stored energy.
What is kinetic energy?
What is the definition of independent variable?
The part of an experiment that is purposefully changed or manipulated.
In a car crash, increasing this property of the car leads to more damage.
What is speed?
This affects the direction of an object's motion when a force is applied.
What is the direction of the force?
When two objects of the same mass and speed collide, these forces are known to be ___________ and _____________ .
What are equal and opposite forces?
A change in an object's shape caused by an applied force.
What is deformation.
Linear Graph
This happens to the temperature of surfaces when friction occurs between them.
What is it increases?
This force opposes the motion of an object moving through air.
What is air resistance?
When the speed of an object is doubled, this happens to the damage in a collision.
What is the damage increases significantly?
This type of force occurs when two objects physically touch or interact
Contact Force
What did all the materials we tested during our experiment have in common that reduced the amount of peak force?
They all had air pockets/spaces for air.
Energy can change into these forms after a collision.
What are sound, heat, and deformation?
This is the force that opposes the motion of objects when two surfaces come in contact.
What is friction?
This condition is necessary for an object to experience permanent deformation in a collision.
What is exceeding the elastic limit?
When a collision exceeds an object's elastic limit, this happens to its shape.
What is permanent deformation?
Structure always leads to __________________.
What is function?
These features in cars help reduce forces during a collision by absorbing impact.
What are airbags?
Increasing this property of an object increases the forces during a collision.
What is mass?
Explain the chain:
greater speed → greater kinetic energy → ______ during the collision.
What is greater peak force?
This property of an object determines whether it returns to its original shape after a collision.
What is the elastic limit?
What is the equation to calculate kinetic energy?
KE = 1/2 MV2
Engineers design buildings with this knowledge to make them safer during natural disasters.
What is knowledge of forces and how to distribute them?