Contrastive Analysis
_________ is an approach to the study of SLA which involves predicting and explaining learner problems based on a comparison of L1 and L2 to determine similarities and differences.
Contrastive Analisys (CA)
_____ is based on the description and analysis of actual learner errors in L2, rather than on idealized linguistic structures attributed to native speakers of L1 and L2.
Error Analysis
As for morphology, languages can be classified in two categories, which ones?
Analytic and synthetic
Spot the mistakes:
[hi wɜk ɪn espeɪn leɪtˈli]
/hi wɜːks ɪn speɪn ˈleɪtli/
Making of errors is significant because it is part of the learning process itself. Is it true or false?
True
When the same structure is appropriate in both languages, what kind of transfer are we talking about?
Positive (or facilitating)
In error analysis, is the role of errors positive or negative? Justify.
Positive, since they are sources of insight into the learning processes.
_______ is a linguistic enterprise aimed at producing contrastive (not comparative) two-valued typologies (a pair of languages), and founded on the assumption that languages can be compared.
Contrastive Analisys
How do you form nouns in this language?
Fakto-Hecho
Universitato-Universidad
Lingvo-Lengua
Mono-Dinero
By adding an -o to the nouns.
A shift from Behaviourism to _______ in explanations of language acquisition, with emphasis on the innate capacity of the language learner rather than on external influences, is a feature of EA.
Intatism/Mentalism
When the L1 structure is used inappropriately in the L2, what type of transfer are we talking about?
Negative (or interference)
______ refers to the intermediate states (or interim grammars) of a learner’s language as it moves toward the target L2.
Interlanguage
CA is regarded as particularist, comparative and _________.
Synchronic
In "I have 20 years old", what type of transfer can we observe?
Negative (Interference)
Mention three features of interlanguage
Systematic, dynamic, variable
The process of CA involves describing L1 and L2 at each level, analyzing roughly comparable segments of the languages for elements which are likely to cause problems for learners. True or False?
True
The probability that learners will cease their IL development in some respects before they reach target language norms is known as ________.
Fossilization
Is CA a central and substantial component of applied or pure linguistics?
Applied Linguistics
Find equivalents for the following:
Becot (F-S), Freshmen (E-S), Mi compadre (S-E)
Besito, los de primer semestre, my godchild's father/my child's godfather
Contrastive Analysis just focuses on similarities or likenesses between two languages. Is it true or False?
False
Mention an advantage and a disadvantage of CA.
D-Logical Problem of Language Acquisition, no evidence, specific contents.
A-Comparison applied to Translation. Contrasts in Modern linguistics.
Absence of errors may result from_______ of difficult structures, and this will not be revealed by EA.
Avoidance
Contrastive Analysis is only concerned with Translation Theory, whereas Error Analysis is primarily concerned with English Language Teaching. Is it true or false?
Provide accurate translations for the following:
Among the blind the one-eyed man is king.
When in Rome, do as Romans do.
A drowning man will clutch at a straw.
En tierra de ciegos el tuerto es rey.
A donde fueres, haz lo que vieres.
Una persona desesperada se aferra a cualquier esperanza, por mínima que sea.
The CA approach of the 1940s to 1960s was not adequate for the study of SLA in part because the behaviorist learning theory to which it is tied cannot explain the _____________________.
Logical Problem of Language Acquisition