A
The brain is part of the central nervous system.
True – The brain is a part of the central nervous system (CNS), along with the spinal cord.
The cerebellum controls voluntary actions.
False – The cerebrum, not the cerebellum, controls voluntary actions. The cerebellum coordinates movement and balance.
Reflex actions are controlled by the spinal cord.
True – Reflex actions are primarily controlled by the spinal cord for faster response.
Synapse is the gap between two nerve cells.
True – A synapse is the small gap between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released.
Motor neurons carry impulses from receptors to the central nervous system.
False – Motor neurons carry impulses from the CNS to muscles/glands; sensory neurons carry impulses to the CNS.
The functional unit of the nervous system:
Neuron
Part of the brain that maintains posture and balance:
Cerebellum
Nerve that connects eyes to the brain
Optic nerve
The largest part of the human brain
Cerebrum
The path followed by a nerve impulse during a reflex action
Reflex arc
The structure that detects a stimulus (e.g., heat, pain)
Receptor
Type of neuron that carries message from spinal cord to effector
Motor neuron
The three main parts of the brain:
Forebrain, Midbrain, Hindbrain
System that includes the brain and spinal cord:
Central Nervous System (CNS)
CNS AND ____________________
Peripheral nervous system
Part of the brain that controls involuntary actions like heartbeat and breathing:
Medulla oblongata
Why is the brain called the main coordinating centre of the body?
The brain receives messages from all parts of the body, processes them, and sends appropriate instructions. It controls voluntary and involuntary activities, making it the central coordination unit
Name the three parts of a neuron and state their functions
Dendrites: Receive signals from other neurons.
Cell body (cyton): Processes incoming signals.
Axon: Transmits the signal to the next neuron or effector.
What is a synapse? What happens there?
A synapse is a small gap between two neurons. It allows the transmission of electrical or chemical signals from one neuron to another through neurotransmitters.
How does a nerve impulse travel in a neuron?
A nerve impulse travels from the dendrites → cell body → axon → axon terminal, and then across the synapse to the next neuron or effector.
Mention the functions of the forebrain
The forebrain (mainly cerebrum) controls voluntary actions, intelligence, memory, reasoning, and emotions. It also receives sensory information like smell, sound, and sight.
Differentiate between sensory and motor neurons.
Sensory Neurons: Carry information from sense organs to the CNS.
Motor Neurons: Carry instructions from the CNS to effectors (muscles/glands).