Control Systems
These are the two systems that control and coordinate the body.
The nervous system and endocrine system
Name two functional parts of a neuron
1- cell body (soma) 2- dendrites 3- axon 4- myelin sheaths 5- axon terminals 6- nucleus
This part of the brain controls thinking and voluntary actions
the cerebrum
This is a quick, automatic response to a stimulus
Reflex
This is the maintenance of stable internal conditions
homeostasis
This system is faster and uses electrical signals
The nervous system
This part of the neuron carries impulses away from the cell body
The axon
This part of the brain controls balance and coordination
Cerebellum
This structure carries messages between the brain and body
Spinal cord
This component detects a change (a stimulus) in the environment
Receptors
This part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System
The junction where neurotransmitters pass between neurons
synapse
This brain region controls breathing and heart rate
medulla (brain stem)
Name two components of a reflex arc.
A receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, or effector?
These cells respond to a hormone because they have receptors
Target cells
This division of the PNS controls involuntary actions
Autonomic NS
These chemicals allow communication across the synapse
neurotransmitters
This structure connects the nervous and endocrine systems and regulates temperature
hypothalamus
Reflexes are fast because they bypass this organ.
The brain
This feedback system reverses a change to maintain balance.
Negative feedback
Name 3 differences between the endocrine system and nervous system
the endocrine system: travels slower, in blood, wide spread and long lasting effects.
nervous system: travels fast, through nerves, targeted, quick/short effects
Name all three types of neurons and their functions
sensory neurons (detect stimulus), interneurons (process information), and motor neurons (produce response)
Explain one function of the spinal cord
Transmitting signals between brain and body, or coordinating reflexes
Put these in order: effector, receptor, motor neuron, sensory neuron, response
Receptor → sensory neuron → motor neuron → effector → response
Give two ways the body increases it's temperature during thermoregulation
Shivering, vasoconstriction, piloerection (goose bumps)