Protect and Serve
Bone is not actually solid throughout. There are tiny microscopic holes called lacunae that house bone cells. Mature bone cells are known as this.
What are osteocytes?
This outer layer of skin is composed of 5 strata - basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum.
What is the epidermis?
Whether fighting an infection, causing a stuffy nose during allergy season, or cleaning up damaged tissue - the basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes are collectively referred to as this.
What are leukocytes?
This event occurs on day 14 of the menstrual cycle and involves the release of the egg from the ovary.
What is ovulation?
This passive process, helps remove air that is full of carbon dioxide from the body.
What is expiration?
An 8 year old boy was roller skating when he fell and broke the epiphyseal plate of his femur. The doctor fears that he may grow up to have a shortened leg. The epiphyseal plate is referred to as this in layman's terms.
What is the growth plate.
When a baby is delivered, its skull conforms to the shape of birth canal. In order to do this, there are soft spots, or areas of cartilage that later fuse together to form sutures. These soft spots are known as this.
What are fontanels?
This neurotransmitter, used as a messenger from a neuron's axon terminal, tells a muscle cell to contract.
What is acetylcholine?
This area of the body is where water is absorbed from the remnants of food and drink.
What is the colon (large intestines)?
This inner lining of the uterus which is shed every 28 days.
What is the endometrium?
Also known as the pacemaker of the heart.
What is the sinoatrial node?
Her palms are sweaty, knees weak, arms are heavy...she is losing weight despite eating all of mom's spaghetti...she's nervous, but on the surface...her eyes are wide open and bulging. Due to her symptoms, she likely has this disease caused by too much thyroid hormone.
What is Graves Disease?
Muscles of the digestive system, circulatory system, and iris that are non-striated and involuntary are known as this type of muscle.
What are smooth muscles?
By making skin cells hardened and tough, this fibrous structural protein allows for skin cells to provide more protection.
What is keratin?
This blood plasma protein contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood. In other words, it ensures that the water in plasma doesn't diffuse into body tissue too much.
What is albumin?
Millions of these microscopic structures, located in the kidney, help to create urine by filtration, secretion, and reabsorption.
What are nephrons?
The inner layer of the serous membrane that wraps around the heart, known also as the visceral pericardium, may also be called this.
What is the epicardium?
If undiagnosed, this disease would likely affect cognitive (brain) development, stunt growth, and lead to reduced muscle tone or a "floppy baby".
What is cretinism?
What is the A band?
Nerve signals always travel in one direction - from a stimulus to a response. These cells, located in the spinal cord, receive information from the sensory neurons and relay it to the appropriate motor neurons.
What are interneurons?
After spinning the blood down in a centrifuge, this region - located right above the red blood cells, contains the white blood cells and platelets.
What is the buffy coat?
If a piece of endometrium breaks off and travels into the abdominal cavity it causes abdominal pain, fevers, and cramps. The disease is known as this.
What is endometriosis?
These blood vessels are the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.
What are the pulmonary arteries?
A 43 year old woman has Myasthenia Gravis - an autoimmune disease where her antibodies are attacking the receptors on the muscle cells in the neuromuscular junction. These receptors that normally receive the neurotransmitter acetylcholine are known as this.
What are cholinergic receptors?
The hollow tube in the middle of an osteon, also known as a central canal, that carries blood vessels throughout the bone is known as this.
What are Haversian canals?
A mom and her daughter are walking along the sidewalk of a busy street. As a butterfly floats on by, the young girl runs up to try to catch it. Distracted, she heads toward the road. Her mom reaches out and grabs her arm to pull her to safety. Afterward, the young girl cries because her mom squeezed her arm too tightly. These cutaneous receptors are relaying the deep pressure/pain signals to her brain.
What are Pacinian corpsucles?
A patient has had a hemorrhage due to a gastrointestinal bleed. Since they can only receive O-, O+, A-, and A+ blood, their blood type is this.
What is A+?
This hormone causes ovulation to occur.
What is Lutenizing Hormone?
As a gesture of love, a lover delivers a rose to their special someone. Once smelled, it reminds the special someone of their first date. The limbic system is closely tied to this special sense.
What is olfaction?
You check your patient's blood pressure and notice that it is significantly elevated. When you check their medical chart, you notice that they are on a fluid restriction, are taking diuretics, and have labs ordered to assess their antidiuretic hormone. You suspect that they have this disease.
What is SIADH?
This theory that states that your bones will adapt based on the stress or demands placed on them. When you work your muscles, they put stress on your bones. In response, your bone tissue remodels and becomes stronger.
What is Wolff's Law?
Vision requires bending light so that is focuses on the retina. This part of the retina contains the most cones and is considered to be the "area of greatest visual acuity".
What is the fovea centralis?
As food enters the stomach, it is bathed in hydrochloric acid and pepsin which break down protein. These cells are responsible for producing pepsin.
What are chief cells?
This substance is filtered by the glomerulus, but never reabsorbed by the peritubular capillaries. This blood level is a good indicator glomerular health.
What is creatinine?
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema together are known as this umbrella term.
What is COPD?
As he was walking down the street, sluggishly, he noted that his bus - two blocks away - had arrived at the bus stop. As this was late in the evening, it was the last bus for the day. He began running to try to catch the bus and quickly collapsed of hypoglycemia. As the medics arrived, they noted hyperpigmentation on his neck and suspected this disease.
What is Addison's disease?