Definitions
What is Coronary Artery Disease?
A disease involving narrowing or a blockage of the coronary arteries.
If an LPN was to read an ECG and noticed it was abnormal, what are their next steps?
Diagnosing changes in an ECG are out of an LPN's scope of practice, therefore they must report to the cover nurse of the physician.
What common sensation may occur in the chest with CAD?
Pressure
This type of activity a client with CAD should avoid, especially during recovery.
What is excessive activity?
What type of pharmacotherapy is the first line of treatment for CAD?
Antiplatelets (aspirin). This prevents blood clots from forming.
What is a Myocardial Infarction?
Obstruction of blood flow in the coronary arteries.
Will cardiac markers be elevated or low in someone with CAD?
They will be elevated.
What may trigger angina when the heart needs more oxygen?
Physical exertion
If chest pain, dyspnea, or faintness occurs during activity, the client should do this.
What is stop the activity?
What surgical procedure can be done for a complex CAD case?
A coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
What is Ischemia?
A shortage of blood supply and oxygen to the heart muscle caused by narrowed arteries.
What are the cardiac biomarkers used in aid to diagnose CAD?
What is Troponin l and kinase (CK) ?
Where can coronary-related chest discomfort radiate in the upper body?
These are lifestyle modifications recommended for CAD.
What type of medication can be given up to three times, once every 5 minutes?
What is Nitroglycerin?
What is Atherosclerosis?
It's a build of fats and cholesterol that build up on the walls of the artery to form hard deposits called atherosclerosis plaque.
What does ECG stand for, and what do they do.
ECG means Electrocardiogram, it records the electrical activity of your heart to check the rate and rhythm.
Which part of the face or neck may feel pain during angina?
The Jaw
After a PCI, clients should avoid lifting more than this amount for four weeks.
What is 5 pounds? (2.2kg)
During a CABG a surgeon uses a harvested vessel to route blood flow. What specific obstruction does this graft bypass?
What is a Block Coronary Artery?
What is a PCI?
A PCI is a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. It's the placement of a balloon or a stent which manually widens the coronary arteries so blood flow can reach the heart.
What test pertains to a cardiac catheter being inserted with contrast dye to visually pinpoint exact blockages in the coronary artery?
What symptom may occur instead of obvious chest pain in a atypical presentation?
Shortness of breath.
Following a CABG, activity limitations may continue for up to this length of time.
What is 6 months?
What medication is commonly prescribed to those with CAD to help reduce the hearts workload and oxygen demand? *hint: they block the affect of epinephrine*
What is Beta Blockers?