Terms #1
A sentence which is imposed on convicted offenders that allows them to remain in the community is called this.
What is probation?
Facilities that are modeled after the military for relatively young and non-violent offenders are called this.
What are correctional boot camps?
This is confinement used for long term and convicted offenders.
What are prisons?
This refers to a store of positive relationships in social networks on which the individual can draw for support.
What is social capital?
This occurs when an offender adopts the inmate subculture of an institution.
What is prisonization?
This occurs when a person entering a prison imports aspects of their own culture from the outside.
What is importation?
A philosophy of punishment driven by simple deterrence and a need to repair the wrongs done.
What is restorative justice?
This is called the gender with which one identifies with.
What is gender identity?
Programs designed to bring offenders and their victims together in an attempt to reconcile the wrongs offenders have caused.
What are victim-offender reconciliation programs?
Groups of people with similar interests who socialize together and who may engage in deviant or criminal activities are called this.
What are gangs?
These are designed to control offenders in a secure environment while at the same time allowing them to maintain employment.
What are work release programs?
This was a part of the civil rights movement that caused states and counties to close their mental health hospitals or reduce their capacities significantly.
A delay in sentencing following a conviction.
What is judicial reprieve?
The cost of incarceration increases to accommodate the extra medical care needed for this population of people.
What are the elderly?
Alternative sentences that may be imposed in the place of the traditional prison-versus-prison dichotomy.
What are intermediate sanctions?
Prisons with the greatest internal and external security controls are this.
What are supermax prisons?
This act allowed judges to suspend sentences and place convicted individuals on probation if they found circumstances warranted it.
What is the National Probation Act of 1925?
This is a type of supervision that is typically limited to offenders who should probably not be in the community but have been allowed to remain either in the belief that there is a fighting chance they may be rehabilitated or in an effort to save the costs of incarceration.
What is intensive supervision probation?
It is called this when a confined person suffers from the loss of the many roles they occupied in the wider world.
What is mortification?
Dealing with life's problems like a responsive and responsible human being, one who seeks autonomy without violating the rights of others, security without resorting to deception or violence, and relatedness to others as the finest and fullest expression of human identity is called this.
What is mature coping?
The deprivation of liberty, goods, services, autonomy, and security is called this.
What are pains of imprisonment?
This began with a spontaneous act of violence by one offender against an officer who was trying to break up a fight.
What is the Attica Prison riot of 1971?
Current crime, criminal history, escape risk, behavioral issues, health, and programming needs are used for this.
What is classification?
This is a subset of a larger culture with its own norms, values, beliefs, traditions, and even language.
What is prison subculture?
Any activity performed by agents of the state to assist offenders in establishing or reestablishing law-abiding roles in the community while at the same time monitoring their behavior for criminal activity.
What is community corrections?