Cute Cough
Ugly cough
Nasty Cough
Cough Cough ;)
100
Short acting β2-agonist that directly induces bronchodilation and used in the treatment of acute asthma exacerbation
Albuterol
100
Patient presents with complaints of nonproductive cough shortly after starting medication for blood pressure. He is unsure of medication name.
What is the the medication class, and mechanism of action?
ACE-I. Increased Bradykinin
Non-productive cough starts 1 week to 6 months after start of therapy
100
Patient presents with 2 day history of paroxysmal cough with posttussive emesis
Treatment?
Bordetella Pertussis
Macrolide
100
A child presents with a fever, barking cough, and inspiratory stridor - what virus is responsible
Parainfluenza, Croup
200
First line diagnostic test in patients with suspected asthma
PFTs
200
Three most common causes of Community Aquired pneumonia
- Streptococcus Pneumoniae (most common)
- Haemophilus Influenzae
- Moraxella Catarrhalis
200
Cough triggered by Caffeine, chocolate, spicy food, high fat content food, carbonated bevarges.
Treatment?
GERD.
PPI
200
Common Side effect of Asthma Medication such as inhaled corticosteroids
Oral Thrush
300
Classify coughs as acute of chronic based on duration.
Acute: <2 weeks
Chronic: >4 weeks
300
A nighttime cough, when recumbent, could indicate this 3 conditions
What are post nasal drip, asthma, and GERD?
300
Red flags of Cough
Hemoptysis, weight loss, fever
300
Inpatient treatment for Community Aquired Pneumonia
Combination therapy
- An antipneumococcal β-lactam: (Ampicillin-sulbactam, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime)
PLUS
- A macrolide (Azithromycin, Clarithromycin) OR
- Doxycycline
CURB-65 score
- Confusion (disorientation, impaired consciousness)
- Serum Urea > 7 mmol/L (42 mg/dL)
- Respiratory rate ≥ 30/min
- Blood pressure: systolic BP ≤ 90 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≤ 60 mm Hg
- Age ≥ 65 years
400
Young child presents with coughing, wheezing, foul-smelling sputum, does not respond to bronchodilators
Next step?
Foreign Body Aspiration
Bronchoscopy
400
Febrile patient with with focal crackles on lung auscultation with decreased SpO2.
Pneumonia
400
A morning cough, upon awakening in patient with extensive smoking history, condition and is known colloquially as "smokers cough"
Chronic Bronchitis
400
"Staccato" cough in infants suggests this infection.
Chlamydia
500
Most common Viral infectious agents
Influenza, Parainfluenza, Adenovirus, RSV, Rhinovirus, Coronavirus
500
Name 4 different classes of medications most commonly used to treat asthma
1. SABA
2. Short Acting Muscarinic Agonist (SAMA)
3. Long Acting Beta Agonist (LABA)
4. Long Acting Muscarinic Agonis (LAMA)
5. Oral Corticosteroids
6. Leukotriene receptor antagonists (montelukast)
PS: Adverse effects of LABA therapy can include arrhythmias, tachycardia, tremor, hyperglycemia, and hypokalemia.
500
Patient recenlty immigrated from South America presents with productive cough with purulent sputum and hemoptysis. What is most likely Dx.
Tuberculosis
Sputum Culture: Acid Fast Bacilli smear, NAAT, Culture, CXR (hilar adenopathy)
TXT: RIPE
500
7 month old patient presents for cough, difficulty breathing. Examination shows diffuse wheezing, subcostal retraction, and bluish discoloration of fingertips.
Dx? Tx?
RSV
Supportive managment.