Define This
Abreaction
aka catharsis; the release of previously repressed emotion typically though hypnosis or suggestion.
Skinner's operant conditioning is often referred to as __________________.
Instrumental learning.
Pavlov's classical conditioning focuses on stimuli and responses. What are the different types of stimuli and responses?
Conditioned/Unconditioned
Existential therapy, founded by Rollo May, Irvin Yalom, and Viktor Frankl, views human nature as neither good or bad. What did this philosophical approach view the meaning of life as?
Life has no inherent meaning. Life is full of struggles. The significance of life is never fixed; we continually recreate ourselves.
What happened to 'Little Albert?'
He was conditioned to be afraid of small, white, fuzzy things; this was to prove that fear is learned.
Sublimation
Mary Cover-Jones is the effectiveness of counter conditioning/Little Peter as Joseph Wolpe is to ___________ __________.
Systematic Desensitization
Little Albert
Existential counselors emphasize the clients'
a) free choice, decision, and will
b) transference
c) slips of tongue
d) latent dream symbolism
Free choice, decision, and will.
What therapy, founded by Michael White, focuses on the use of stories and family systems.
Narrative Therapy
Reaction Formation
When someone acts the opposite of how they feel (for example, throwing rocks at someone you like).
Initially known as Rational Therapy but now known as Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) was founded by the "Grandfather of Cognitive Behavior Therapy," ________ _________.
Albert Ellis
Define a positive and negative reinforcement.
Positive reinforcement is the addition of something positive that increases likelihood of behavior. (ex: stickers)
Negative reinforcement is the removal of something negative that increases the likelihood of behavior. (ex: no chores)
Gestalt Therapy, founded by Fritz Perls, incorperate therapeutic techniques such as empathy, being directive, and being confrontational. True or False: A gestalt therapist would most likely use exaggeration and role play.
True! Gestalt techniques include how/what/why questions, now language/I statements, exaggeration and role play.
Define eclecticism (as defined by Fredrick C. Thorne).
Theories/techniques from several models.
Introjection
Injecting/adopting another's beliefs into your own.
REBT had three basic "musterbations." How many can you name?
1) I must do well and be loved and be approved by others.
2. Others must treat me fairly, kindly, and well.
3) The world and my living conditions must be comfortable and provide me all that I want in life.
Define a negative and positive punishment.
Negative punishment is the removal of something to decrease behavior (ex: taking away the TV).
Positive punishment is the addition of something to decrease behavior (ex: shock collar).
Reality Therapy/Choice Theory, founded by William Glasser and Robert Wubbolding, stated humans are internally motivated by 5 innate basic needs. List as many as possible.
Love and belonging, power, freedom, fun, and survival.
Associationism is the philosophy that ideas are held together by associations. This grew into ________ism.
Behaviorism.
What is the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)?
A projective test where the client is shown a picture and tells a story relating to the image.
Therapeutic techniques include operate conditioning (behavioral activation, relaxation training), skills training (assertiveness, problem solving therapy) and exposure based treatments (_________, ________, _______).
Systematic desensitization
Virtual Reality Exposure and Desensitization
Response and Ritual Prevention
There are three types of learning, insight, association (classical conditioning), and ________.
Reinforcement (operant conditioning).
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy, developed by Steve de Shazer and Insoo Kim Berg, is an optimistic and future-oriented therapy. What types of techniques are used in SFBT?
Pre-therapy change (what have you done since making this appointment), formula first session tasks (homework between sessions), exception questions, miracle questions, scaling questions, coping questions, therapist feedback, and termination.
______therapy is a type of psychotherapy that grew from exisentialism.
Logotherapy.