Early Roots
He is known as the “father of vocational guidance,” opening the Boston Vocation Bureau in 1908.
Who is Frank Parsons?
In 1946, this act funded education and training for returning veterans, helping establish counseling psychology.
What is the GI Bill (Servicemen’s Readjustment Act)?
The official journal of counseling psychology which began publication in 1954.
What is the Journal of Counseling Psychology?
In the 1970s, counseling psychologists expanded from vocational work into this broader area.
→ What is mental health counseling/personal adjustment?
Today, counseling psychology emphasizes this model that integrates research and clinical practice.
What is the scientist-practitioner model?
Counseling psychology grew out of this field of psychology, which focused on education, guidance, and measurement.
What is vocational and educational psychology?
This APA Division was founded in 1952 and remains the professional home of counseling psychologists.
What is Division 17 (Society of Counseling Psychology)?
The 1950s and 1960s emphasized this counseling approach, highlighting normal development and strengths.
What is the humanistic/developmental approach?
In the 1980s, the field emphasized cultural responsiveness, giving rise to this growing area of practice.
What is multicultural counseling?
Counseling psychology differentiates itself from clinical psychology by focusing on these two positive aspects of people.
What are strengths and development?
This event in the 1940s greatly expanded the need for testing, rehabilitation, and counseling for veterans.
What is World War II?
This 1951 report questioned whether counseling psychology was truly distinct from clinical psychology.
What is the Shakow Report?
Carl Rogers influenced counseling psychology by promoting this therapeutic style.
What is client-centered (or person-centered) therapy?
This counseling psychology conference in 1987 was pivotal in articulating the specialty’s values and vision.
What is the Georgia Conference?
This initiative reflects counseling psychology’s leadership in promoting fairness and inclusion across settings.
What is advocacy for diversity and social justice?
This test, widely used in schools and workplaces, was central to early counseling psychology’s focus on aptitude and vocational guidance.
What is the Strong Interest Inventory (or Strong Vocational Interest Blank)?
Counseling psychology officially became an APA-recognized specialty in this year.
What is 1946? (some sources specify recognition after World War II with Division 17 in 1952—students can discuss).
In 1952, this training model was emphasized to prepare counseling psychologists as both researchers and practitioners.
What is the scientist-practitioner (Boulder) model?
This decade saw a strong emphasis on prevention, wellness, and lifespan development.
What are the 1980s?
Counseling psychology has contributed heavily to this newer field of psychology, focused on well-being and flourishing.
What is positive psychology?
This pioneering woman developed career counseling systems and was one of the earliest female leaders in vocational psychology.
Who is Leta Hollingworth (or sometimes Anna Roe, depending on the angle)?
The first APA-accredited counseling psychology training programs were housed at these types of institutions.
What are university counseling centers and teacher’s colleges?
This theory of vocational choice, developed in the 1950s, emphasized personality-environment fit.
What is Holland’s Theory of Vocational Types?
The 1990s brought a strong push for advocacy and this broader ethical commitment to society.
What is social justice?
A recent focus in counseling psychology includes adapting practice for these kinds of rapidly growing client populations.
What are multicultural, neurodivergent, and marginalized populations?