Genes and Genomes
A double-helix is the shape this molecule takes. Use the full scientific name for credit.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Nucleotides link together in this structure to give a backbone to DNA and RNA.
What is a Sugar-Phosphate Backbone.
The unique ability of carbon to form 4 covalent bonds, is due to the presence of what in carbon?
What is 4 valence electrons.
Starch and Glycogen and both used to store energy, in plants and animals respectively. What are these examples of?
What are polysaccharides.
The Organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents.
What are lipids.
The Apple Tree, Car Garage acronym is to help you recall Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine - the Nucleic Acids found in Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Which of these Nucleic Acids is replaced in Ribonucleic Acid?
Uracil
Complete the following nucleic acid sequence and identify whether is belongs to DNA or RNA.
AUGCUUCGA
What is...
TACGAAGCT
RNA
Name and describe the reverse of hydrolysis.
What is Condensation, bringing molecules together by the formation of water.
This long chain of glucose molecules helps give structure to plants, and is not digestible by humans.
What is cellulose.
The difference between Saturated Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated Fatty Acids, and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.
Saturated Fatty Acids: No double bonds; straight chains; solid at room temperature.
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids: One double bond; bent chains; liquid at room temperature.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple double bonds; more bent; liquid at room temperature.
The number of chromosomes you receive from your biological parents.
What is 46.
Describe the role of complimentary base pairing.
Ensures accurate replication of DNA.
Allows DNA to be copied precisely during cell division.
Facilitates the expression of genetic information.
Describe a monomer.
What is a a simple molecule...like sugar.
When attempting to mix a hydrophobic substance, like a lipid, in water, do the water molecules solvate the substance? Why?
No, because the lipids are none charged particles.
Composed of four fused carbon rings, and because they are nonpolar can easily cross through phospholipid bilayers.
What are steroids.
The number of types of amino acids that code for proteins.
What is 20.
Why is DNA describe as The Universal Genetic Code?
The genetic code is conserved across all life, and it strongly suggests a common ancestor.
The 4 examples of a polymer.
What are proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.
What makes triglycerides structurally different from phospholipids?
Triglycerides have 3 fatty acid chains, whereas phospholipids have 2 fatty acid chains.
DRAW: A triglyceride.
Points go to best group drawing.
At what stage do chromosomes take on the famous "X" form?
DRAW: A correct double helix Deoxyribonucleic Acid, complete with backbone and nucleotide base pairs.
Only the best drawing will be given the points.
DRAW: A cell membrane.
Points go to best group drawing.
Composed of a phosphate-glycerol head and two hydrophobic tails.
What is a Phospholipid.