Unit 3
Divisions of Autonomic nervous System?
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervus system
What is the main function of the endocrine System?
Communication and control.
Function of Thyroid hormones?
To accelerate the catabolism (increase the body’s metabolic rate
Where Adrenal Cortex located?
Located on the superior surface of each kidney
Endocrine hormones secreted by Pancreatic Islets?
Glucagon: (Catabolic Hormone) Secreted by alpha cells
Insulin:(Anabolic Hormone) Secreted by beta cells
Role of Parasympathetic nervous system in the human body?
Dominates control of many visceral effectors under normal, everyday conditions
Counterbalance sympathetic function Rest and Digest Response
Nervous System vs Endocrine System
Nervous System is fast and furious.
Endocrine system is slow and steady
Hormes released by Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Hormones
Calcitonin
Function of Aldosterone
•Maintains BP by increasing blood sodium and decreasing body potassium concentrations by accelerating kidney tubule reabsorption of sodium and excretion of potassium
Another name for Anterior Pituitary gland?
Adenohypophysis
Function of Sympathetic NS
Serves as the emergency or stress system.
Changes induced by sympathetic control is called the fight-or-flight response
What are the Two major classes of hormones?
Nonsteroid
Steroid
Role of Calcitonin in the body?
Decreases the blood calcium concentration by inhibiting breakdown of bone, which would release calcium into the blood.
Functions of Glucocorticoids?
Help maintains normal blood glucose concentration by increasing gluconeogenesis.
Act with epinephrine and norepinephrine to produce an anti-inflammatory effect,
Produce anti-immunity, antiallergy effect
Another name for Posterior Pituitary gland?
Neurohypophysis
What is the overall function of Autonomic Nervous System?
To maintain or quickly restore homeostasis.
Name the Posterior Pituitary Gland hormones?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin (OT)
Role of Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Increases blood calcium concentration by increasing the breakdown of bone with the release of calcium into the blood.
What is gluconeogenesis?
•The formation of “new” glucose from amino acids produced by the breakdown of proteins and the conversion to glucose of fatty acids produced by the breakdown of fats stored in adipose tissue cells
Which hormone is needed for thyroxine production?
TSH
Autonomic Neurotransmitters?
Cholinergic: Acetylcholine
Adrenergic: norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
Name the Anterior Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Growth Hormone (GH)
Prolactin (PRL)
Hormones produced by Adrenal Cortex
Outer zone secretes mineralocorticoids (MCs): Chiefly aldosterone
Middle zone secretes glucocorticoids (GCs): Chiefly cortisol (hydrocortisone)
What are the hormones secreted by Adrenal medulla?
•Epinephrine (Epi), or adrenaline
•Norepinephrine (NR)
What is the stimulus for the release of Insulin?
High glucose level in blood