Marshall Court
Antebellum-Gilded Age
Progressive Era-WW2
Warren Court
Burger Court-Modern Era
100
Established its role as the arbiter of the constitutionality of federal laws, the principle is known as judicial review; increased the power of the judicial branch of the central government
What is... Marbury vs. Madison
100
African Americans whether free or slave, could not be American citizens and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court, and that the federal government had no power to regulate slavery in federal territories; decreased the power of the federal government
What is... Dred Scott vs. Sanford
100
Declared limited work hours for bakers unconstitutional, calling it an "unreasonable, unnecessary and arbitrary interference with the right and liberty of the individual to contract"; increased civil liberties of individuals
What is... Lochner vs. New York
100
Reversed ruling of Plessy vs. Ferguson; declared that segregation was unconstitutional; increased civil liberties for African Americans
What is... Brown vs. Board of Education
100
legalized abortion as women's rights to privacy; increased the civil liberties of women
What is... Roe vs. Wade
200
Established tribal autonomy within their boundaries; the tribes were distinct political communities, having territorial boundaries within which their authority is exclusive; increased civil liberties of Native Americans
What is...Worcester vs. Georgia
200
Upheld Jim Crow laws and segregation as long as facilities were 'separate but equal' ; decreased civil liberties of African Americans
What is... Plessy vs. Ferguson
200
Declared child labor law (Keating-Owen Act) unconstitutional on the grounds that it asserted federal control of interstate commerce for non-commercial adjectives and that it interfered with states' police powers; decreased civil liberties and increased federal power
What is... Hammer vs. Dagenhart
200
Unanimously ruled that state courts are required under the 14th amendment to the US Constitution to proved counsel in criminal cases to represent defendants who are unable to afford their own attorney; increased the power of the federal government and protected the rights of people
What is... Gideon vs. Wainwright
200
Ruled that busing was an appropriate remedy for the problem of racial imbalance in schools; protected the rights of the minority by ensuring that schools would be properly integrated.
What is... Swan vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
300
The decision stems from the Yazoo land cases, 1803, and upholds the sanctity of contracts; increased the power of the central government by outlawing state law
What is...Fletcher vs. Peck
300
Severely limited the rights of states to control interstate commerce, declaring Granger laws unconstitutional; decreased the power of the state governments
What is... Wabosh vs. Illinois
300
The court upheld Oregon's 10 hour workday for women. This was designed to protect the weaker gender and hurt the women's movement
What is... Muller vs. Oregon
300
Extended the 1st amendment rights to students; Freedom of speech includes free expression; increased civil liberties to students
What is... Tinker vs. Des Moines
300
Upheld affirmative action for allowing race to be one of the several factors of college admission policy; increased civil liberties
What is... Bakke vs. Regents of the University of California
400
ruled that states cannot tax the federal government; increased the power of the federal government
What is... McCulloch vs. Maryland
400
Practically everyone born in the US is a US citizen; increased civil liberties
What is... US vs. Wong Kim Ark
400
The US Supreme Court decision concerning enforcement of the Espionage Act of 1917 during WW1; decreased civil liberties
What is... Schenck vs. US
400
Criminal suspects have a right to counsel during police interrogations under the 6th amendment; protected the rights of citizens
What is... Escobeda vs. Illinois
400
Court ended recount votes in Florida which led to GW Bush winning the presidential election although Al Gore had more popular votes; decreased the power of people and increased the power of the central government
What is... Bush vs. Gore
500
Clarified the commerce clause and affirmed Congressional power over interstate commerce; increased power of federal government
What is... Gibbons vs. Ogden
500
Labor combinations were legal provided that they were organized for a legal purpose and used legal means to achieve their goals; increased the civil liberties of American citizens
What is... Commonwealth vs. Hunt
500
Declared Japanese internment during WW2 constitutional; decreased civil liberties of foreigners
What is... Korematsu vs. US
500
Upon being arrested individuals must have their rights declared to them; increased civil liberties of citizens and protected them
What is... Miranda vs. Arizona
500
Amish children are exempt from compulsory education beyond 8th grade because it violated parent's right to freedom of religion; increased the civil liberties of children
What is... Wisconsin vs. Yoder
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