Incorporation/Privacy
Criminal Charges
Free Speech/Press
Religious Freedom
Civil Rights
100
First Amendment applies to all states.
What is Gitlow v. New York
100
Evidence illegally gathered by police may not be used in a criminal trial
What is Mapp v. Ohio?
100
Speech may be punished if it creates a clear and present danger test of illegal acts
What is Schenck v. US?
100
There may not be prayer, even if nondenominational, in public schools
What is Engel v. Vitale?
100
Upheld separate-but-equal facilities for white and black people on railroad cars
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
200
Supreme Court says that states must observe all "fundamental liberties"
What is Palko v. Connecticut?
200
Persons charged with a crime have a right to an attorney even if they can't afford one
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
200
To libel a public figure, there must be "actual malice."
What is NYT v. Sullivan?
200
Three tests are described for deciding whether the government is improperly involved with religion
What is Lemon v. Kurtzman?
200
Said that separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial segregation
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
300
State laws against abortion were unconstitutional
What is Roe v. Wade?
300
Court describes rules that police must give to arrested persons
What is Miranda v. Arizona?
300
A law that bans sending “indecent” material to minors over the Internet is illegal because “indecent” is too vague and broad a term
What is Reno v. ACLU?
300
The wall-of-separation principle is announced
What is Emerson v. Board of Education?
300
Approved busing and redrawing district lines as ways of integrating public schools
What is Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education?
400
Found a ‘right to privacy’ in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives
What is Griswold v. Connecticut?
400
The Mapp decision is based on the Constitution and cannot be altered by Congress passing a law.
What is Dickerson v. US?
400
There may not be a law to ban flag-burning
What is Texas v. Johnson?
400
Voucher to pay school bills upheld
What is Zelman v. Simmons-Harris?
400
Banned a freedom-of-choice plan for integrating schools, suggesting that blacks and whites must actually attend racially mixed schools
What is Green v. County School Board of New Kent County?
500
States may not ban partial birth abortions if they fail to allow an exception to protect the health of the mother
What is Stenberg v. Carhart?
500
Illegally obtained evidence may be used in trial if it was gathered in good faith without violating the principles of the Mapp decision.
What is US v. Leon?
500
Obscenity defined as appealing to prurient interests of an average person with materials that lack literary, artistic, political, or scientific value
What is Miller v. CA?
500
Students may not lead prayers before the start of a football game at a public school
What is Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe?
500
In a confused set of rival opinions, the decisive vote was cast by Justice Powell who said that a quotalike ban on admission was unconstitutional but that ‘diversity’ was a legitimate goal that could be pursued by taking race into account
What is Regent of the University of CA v. Bakke?
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