Vocab
Naming
Formulas
Molecular Structures
Electronegativity and Polarity
100
This type of bond occurs when electrons are shared
covalent bond
100
PCl3
phosphorus trichloride
100
Write the formula for: disulfur trioxide
S2O3
100
Why can hydrogen never be the central atom?
It can only share one pair of electrons--therefore, it can only be connected to one other atom
100
How is a polar covalent bond different than a non-polar covalent bond?
Polar covalent bonds result from unequal sharing of electrons; in non-polar covalent bond, electrons are shared equally.
200
This is another name for the pairs of electrons which are UNSHARED (don't participate in bonding)
lone pairs
200
Cl2O7
dichlorine heptoxide
200
Write the formula for: dinitrogen monoxide
N2O
200
How do you determine the central atom?
The one with the lowest number of atoms; the one with the lowest electron affinity (typically further left on the periodic table)
200
Give an example of a pure, non-polar covalent bond:
O2, N2, F2--anything that's bonded to itself
300
What does binary mean?
Contains only 2 different elements
300
P4O6
tetraphosphorus hexoxide
300
Write the formula for: hydrofluoric acid
HF
300
Draw the lewis structure for NF3
N is central atom--3 single bond F on each side; lone pair of electrons around central atom
300
What is the electronegativity difference to be considered covalent?
Less than 1.70
400
What is resonance?
Occurs when more than one valid Lewis structures can be written for a molecule or ion.
400
HClO3
chloric acid
400
What's the difference between a binary acid and an oxyacid?
Binary acids are made of hydrogen and one other element. Oxyacids include hydrogen, at least one other element and oxygen.
400
Write the structure for CS2
Carbon is central atom; double bonded to sulfur on each side; each sulfur atom has 2 lone pairs of electrons
400
Polar or Non-polar: ClF
polar
500
What is electronegativity?
the relative ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
500
HI
hydroiodic acid or hydriodic acid
500
Write the formula for chloric acid. DOUBLE JEOPARDY: you can risk as many points as you want (up to 10 if you have less than ten): if you get the answer correct--you get that many points, if you get it wrong, the other team gets the points you risked
HClO3 Double jeopardy: write the formula for chlorous acid
500
PCl5
Phosphorus is central atom; 5 chlorine around central atom for expanded octet
500
Explain if CS2 is polar or nonpolar and why?
non-polar; charges are balanced; no lone pairs around entral atom
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