Skeleton/ Bone Markings
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
206
What are the ends of long bones called?
Epiphyses
What are the structural units of compact bone called?
Osteons
In embryo, the femur begins as what?
Hyaline cartilage
What is the process that involves the breaking down of bone called?
Bone resorption
Identify the shape of the bones that compose the vertebral column.
Irregular
What is the name of the structure located where bones articulate with one another?
Articular cartilage
True or False: Hematopoiesis occurs in yellow and red bone marrow.
False
Identify one bone that develops through intramembranous ossification.
Grandma June has broken 5 bones since she turned 65. Even the slightest misstep has led to fractures. What condition has likely weakened her bones with age?
Osteoporosis
What type of bone marking appears as a hole or passageway?
Foramen
A young child gets a fracture at the portion of the humerus closest to the shoulder joint. What is the name of the location on this humerus bone?
What are the names of the 2 cell types found in the periosteum?
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts
At what site of long bones do they grow longitudinally?
Epiphyseal plate
Grandpa Joe falls down the steps of his house and fractures his femur moves out of alignment. What type of fracture does Grandpa Joe have?
Displaced
What are 3 functions of bone markings?
Sites of attachment, conduits for blood vessels and nerves, and joint surfaces
What structure surrounds the yellow bone marrow in the diaphysis of a long bone?
Endosteum
Identify two organic components of bone
Osteoblasts, osteoid, osteoclasts, osteocytes
Do bones grow longitudinally towards the diaphysis or epiphysis?
Diaphysis
What type of bone disorder results in a disproportionate amount of spongy bone compared to compact bone?
Paget's disease
Name 3 bones that compose the appendicular skeleton.
Humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, femur, tibia, ulna, tarsals, and metatarsals
Fibers attach the periosteum to the outside of compact bone. What is the name of these fibers?
Sharpey's (perforating) fibers
The pathway of nutrients for bone begins with the periosteum. From the periosteum, where is the next stop for nutrients?
Volkmann's canal
What are the cartilage cells doing during the proliferation zone of longitudinal growth?
Mitosis
What type of treatment involves the installation of rods, plates, and screws to heal a fracture? Use correct vocab.
Internal reduction