Integumentary
Pulmonary
Medication
Cardiac
Labs and Monitoring
100
A physical therapist is evaluating a 50 year old patient with a generally swollen right leg. The patient does not report any trauma to the leg and describes the swelling as increasing gradually over the last 12 months. The swelling is non-pitting, primarily below the knee. The leg is not red or hot, and the patient indicates that his leg just feels “heavy.” What is the MOST likely origin of the swelling? 1. Systemic infection 2. Chronic inflammation 3. Congestive heart failure 4. Lymphedema
Lymphedema
100
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is instructed to perform pursed lip breathing. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate reason for performing this type of breathing? 1. Increase total lung volume to ease the exchange of air 2. Create back-pressure in the airways to ease airflow 3. Decrease the tidal volume to ease air exchange 4. Decrease the amount of breaths required to exchange air
Create back-pressure in the airways to ease airflow
100
A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has difficulty breathing while exercising. Which of the following medications is MOST likely to help the patient more easily breathe while exercising? 1. Amlodipine 2. Carvedilol 3. Digoxin 4. Salbutamol
Salbutamol
100
A patient in the intensive care unit is receiving treatment for heart failure. Which of the following characteristics is MOST indicative of left-sided heart failure? 1. Dyspnea 2. Anasarca 3. Ascites 4. Hepatomegaly
Dyspnea
100
Which of the following arterial blood gas values is MOST indicative of respiratory alkalosis? 1. PaO2 80 mmHg 2. PaO2 100 mmHg 3. PaCO2 25 mmHg 4. PaCO2 45 mmHg
PaCO2 25 mmHg
200
A patient has had a full-thickness burn to the right arm. Which of the following is the MOST effective treatment to prevent hypertrophic scarring? 1. Compression bandage 2. Antibiotic ointment 3. Position optimization 4. Appropriate splint use
Compression Bandage
200
Your patient in the ICU has recently been diagnosed with respiratory acidosis. Which of the following symptoms would you least expect to see? 1. Dyspnea 2. Headaches 3. Tachypnea 4. Bradypnea
Tachypnea
200
A patient presents to the clinic with signs of lethargy and mild dizziness. The patient's resting blood pressure is 100/70. Which of the following is MOST likely to cause this decrease in blood pressure? 1. Lisinopril 2. Prednisone 3. Sertraline 4. Metformin
Lisinopril
200
Which of the following heart sounds is MOST indicative of closure of the mitral valve? 1. S1 2. S2 3. S3 4. S4
S1
200
A patient in the intensive care unit has a Swan-Ganz catheter. What is the PRIMARY purpose of this type of catheter? 1. Introduce pharmaceuticals via a portal in a peripheral vein. 2. Introduce pharmaceuticals directly into the inferior vena cava or right atrium. 3. Monitor blood pressure and detect heart failure. 4. Collect urine into a receptacle to be discarded.
Monitor blood pressure and detect heart failure.
300
A physical therapist is treating a patient with a diabetic ulcer on the calf, just superior to the medial malleolus. The wound is discharging heavy amounts of purulent drainage. Which type of dressing will be MOST effective for this wound? 1. Calcium Alginate 2. Hydrocolloid 3. Silicon gel sheeting 4. Hydrogel
Calcium Alginate
300
A patient with cystic fibrosis is receiving postural drainage and percussion for the right lung’s middle lobe. What is the MOST appropriate patient position? 1. Supine on a wedge with the left shoulder elevated on pillows with the head lower than the pelvis. 2. Supine on a wedge with the right shoulder elevated on pillows with the head lower than the pelvis. 3. Prone with the right shoulder elevated on pillows and the head on the same plane as the pelvis. 4. Prone with the left shoulder elevated on pillows and the head on the same plane as the pelvis.
Supine on a wedge with the right shoulder elevated on pillows with the head lower than the pelvis.
300
A patient is receiving cardiac rehab and has a heart rate of 110 during moderate intensity exercise. The patient reports a 16 on the Borg RPE scale. Which class of heart medications is MOST likely present? 1. Beta Blockers 2. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors 3. Calcium Channel Blockers 4. Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
Beta Blockers
300
A patient is recovering from a myocardial infarction and presents to an outpatient physical therapy clinic for cardiac rehabilitation. Which of the following is an absolute indication to cease exercising? 1. Cyanosis 2. Significant fatigue 3. RPE >15 on the Borg scale 4. Rise in systolic BP of 15 mmHg
Cyanosis
300
During a PT session, a patient begins to display irregular ECG signals (see image). Which of the following conditions is MOST likely present? 1. Premature ventricular contraction 2. Ventricular fibrillation 3. Ventricular tachycardia 4. EKG Artifact
EKG artifact
400
A patient being treated by a physical therapist has peripheral artery disease. Which of the following values would be MOST indicative of this condition? 1. Ankle-Brachial Index greater than 1.00 2. Ankle-Brachial Index less than 0.90 3. Blood pH lower than 7.35 4. Blood pH greater than 7.45
Ankle-Brachial Index less than 0.90
400
A patient has just undergone a procedure to remove an air pocket from the lung that has resulted from several years of COPD. What is the term for this type of procedure? 1. Lobectomy 2. Pneumonectomy 3. Sleeve lobectomy 4. Bullectomy
Bullectomy
400
A physical therapist is evaluating a patient for general deconditioning when the patient reports that he requires a Ventolin (albuterol) inhaler. Which of the following BEST describes the effects of the inhaler? 1. Decrease mucus secretion viscosity. 2. Block the effects of histamine and decrease congestion. 3. Stabilize mast-cells and reduce inflammatory bronchoconstriction. 4. Relieve bronchospasm and cause smooth muscle relaxation.
Relieve bronchospasm and cause smooth muscle relaxation.
400
A patient with a medullary-level vascular lesion has increased vagal nerve activity. Which of the following descriptions BEST represents the cardiovascular effects that occur when the patient transitions from supine to standing position? 1. Rise in blood pressure and no change in heart rate 2. Drop in blood pressure and no change in heart rate 3. Rise in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate 4. Drop in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate
Drop in blood pressure and no change in heart rate
400
A male patient in the intensive care unit is being treated for multiple trauma injuries after a motor vehicle accident. A physical therapist is reviewing the most recent lab results. Which of the following would be the GREATEST indication to postpone therapy until consulting with the attending physician? 1. White Blood Cell Count 17,000/mm 2. INR 2.7 3. Platelets 4,900 cells/mm 4. Hemoglobin 8.1 g/dl
Platelets 4,900 cells/mm
500
A patient with a decubitus ulcer over the sacrum presents for wound care to a physical therapist. The wound extends through the cutaneous tissue and has subcutaneous fat visible at the bottom of the wound. Which of the following stages is the BEST classification of the wound? 1. Stage I 2. Stage II 3. Stage III 4. Stage IV
Stage III
500
A patient with cystic fibrosis is receiving segmental breathing treatment. Which of the following BEST describes this treatment? 1. Instruct the patient to breathe in deeply followed by breathing out through puckered lips. 2. Have the patient exhale completely, and then steadily inhale through an incentive spirometer. 3. Have the patient inhale deeply, and then assist exhalation with firm pressure applied to the chest wall. 4. Instruct the patient to breathe with the diaphragm by using tactile cues to inhibit accessory muscles and facilitate the diaphragm.
Have the patient inhale deeply, and then assist exhalation with firm pressure applied to the chest wall.
500
During an initial evaluation by a physical therapist, a patient reports that he has undergone a total knee arthroplasty 2 weeks ago. Which of the following medications will MOST affect the initial physical therapy intervention? 1. Warfarin 2. Simvastatin 3. Omeprazole 4. Hydrochlorothiazide
Warfarin
500
A patient who has received a heart transplant is undergoing cardiac rehabilitation with a physical therapist. Which of the following descriptions BEST represents the cardiovascular effects that occur when this person begins exercising? 1. No initial change in heart rate followed by a gradual increase after several minutes. 2. Immediate increase in heart rate that gradually stabilizes after several minutes. 3. No initial change in heart rate followed by a gradual decrease after several minutes. 4. Immediate decrease in heart rate that gradually stabilizes after several minutes.
No initial change in heart rate followed by a gradual increase after several minutes.
500
A patient has just received the results of a recent blood test. Which of the following blood chemistry values would be the cause for greatest concern? 1. Triglycerides 110 mg/dL 2. Total cholesterol 120 mg/dL 3. HDL cholesterol 100 mg/dL 4. LDL cholesterol 90 mg/dL
HDL cholesterol 100 mg/dL
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