Relationships & person-centered
A game is composed of transactions which end in a bad feeling for at least one player. Games are said to prevent true intimacy. Which other statement is true of games?
a. In a first-degree game someone gets seriously hurt.
b. In a first-degree game the harm is minimal, but the level of harm is quite serious in a third-degree game.
c. For a game to occur, the people must be involved.
d. Games always involve parallel vectors of communication
According to Eric Berne a life script is actually
a. an ulterior transaction
b. an ego state
c. a life drama or plot based on unconscious decisions made early in life
d. a series of parallel transactions
c. a life drama or plot based on unconscious decisions made early in life
Eric Berne is to TA as Fritz Perls is to
a. the empty chair technique
b. gestalt therapy
c. the underdog
d. the top dog
b. gestalt therapy
Empathy and counselor effectiveness scales reflect the work of
a. Perls and Berne
b. Ellis and Harper
C. Prochaska's transtheoretical model (TTM).
d. Carkhuff and Gazda
d. Carkhuff and Gazda
The acronym NLP is an abbreviation of
a. Bandler and Grinder's neurloginustic programming
b. new language programs for computer therapy
c. new language psychotherapy software
d. neurlogical psychotherapy
a. Bandler and Grinder's neurloginustic programming
Unplease feelings after a person creates a game are called
a. rackets
b. life scripts
c. the Little Professor
d. an analysis of variance
a. rackets
Most experts would agree that the peak period of competition between the various schools of counseling and therapy (e.g., gestalt, behavioristic, reality therapy, etc.) was during the late
a. 1970s
b. the late 1960s.
c. the 1980s.
d. the mid-1950s.
b. the late 1960s.
A gestalt therapist is most likely going to deal with a client's projection via
a. playing the projection technique
b. the empty chair technique
c. converting questions to statements
d. a behavioral contract
a. playing the projection technique
According to gestalt therapists, a client who is angry at his wife for leaving him, and who makes a suicide attempt, would be engaging in
a. sublimation.
b. a panic reaction.
c. retroflection.
d. repression.
c. retroflection
Gestalt therapy, a pradigm that focuses on awareness in the here and now incorporates
a. psychodrama
b. Aaron Beck’s cognitive therapy, which asserts that maladaptive thinking creates emotional disturbance and thus clients should record dysfunctional thoughts.
c. conditioned reflex therapy.
d. client-centered therapy.
a. psychodrama
Which statement is true of the person-centered approach?
a. Reflection is used a lot yet the counselor rarely gives advice.
b. Advice is given a lot.
c. Reflection is rarely utilized.
d. Closed-ended questions keep the sessions moving at a fast pace.
a. Reflection is used a lot yet the counselor rarely gives advice.
The relationship a client has with a gestalt therapist would most likely progress ________ than the relationship a client would have with a Rogerian counselor.
a. faster
b. slower
c. at the same pace
d. a and b
b. slower
A client says she has a tingling sensation in her hands each time she talks about the probability of marriage. A gestalt therapist would most likely
a. ask the client to recount a dream
b. urge the client to engage in the thought stopping
c. prescribe relaxation homework
d. urge the client to stay with the feeling
d. urge the client to stay with the feeling
The gestalt dialogue experiment generally utilizes the concepts of
a. behavioral self-control.
b. choice theory.
c. top dog, underdog, and the empty chair technique.
d. the rehearsal experiment.
c. top dog, underdog, and the empty chair technique.
Gestalt therapy emphasizes
a. cognitive-behavioral issues.
b.transference issues.
c. traumatic childhood memories.
d. awareness in the here and now and dream work.
d. awareness in the here and now and dream work.
In the person-centered approach, an effective counselor must possess
a. the skill to be confrontational.
b. the ability to give advice.
c. the ability to do formal psychological testing.
d. empathy, congruence, genuineness, and demonstrate unconditional positive regard to create a desirable “I–Thou relationship.”
d. empathy, congruence, genuineness, and demonstrate unconditional positive regard to create a desirable “I–Thou relationship.”
The school of counseling created by Carl R. Rogers, Ph.D., has undergone three name changes. Initially it was called ________, then ________, and in 1974 it changed to ________.
a. nondirective; client-centered; person-centered.
b. directive; nondirective; client-centered.
c. person-centered; Rogerian, nondirective.
d. client-centered; person-centered; nondirective.
a. nondirective; client-centered; person-centered.
Gestalt therapists sometimes utilize the exaggeration experiement which most closely resembles
a. successive approximations
b. paradox as practiced by Frankl, Haley, or Erickson
c. free association
d. paraphrasing with emotional reflection
b. paradox as practiced by Frankl, Haley, or Erickson
Critics assert that gestalt therapy is an effective treatment that
a. often fails to emphasize the importance of dreams.
b. ignores nonverbal behavior.
c. often fails to emphasize cognitive concerns.
d. uses the making the rounds technique, which is not appropriate for group work.
c. often fails to emphasize cognitive concerns.
Gestalt means
a. a group.
b. a form, figure, or configuration unified as a whole.
c. a dyad.
d. visual acuity.
b. a form, figure, or configuration unified as a whole.
Rogers viewed man as
a. basically evil.
b. driven by instincts.
c. a product of reinforcement.
d. positive when he develops in a warm, accepting, trusting environment.
d. positive when he develops in a warm, accepting, trusting environment.
Rogers’s approach is characterized as a(n) ________ approach
a. existential or humanistic
b. cognitive
c. cognitive-behavioral
d. neodynamic
a. existential or humanistic
A client undergoing gestalt therapy who states, "It is difficult to get a job in New York City" would be asked by the counselor to
a. go to the O*NET online website wich is the replacement for the DOT and is now the nation's primary source of occupational information
b. change the berbalization to an "I" statement
c. read the OOH
d. take the Strong Interest Inventory
b. change the berbalization to an "I" statement
Perls suggested ______ which must be peeled away to reach emotional stability.
a. four layers of neurosis
b. three layers of neurosis
c. two layers of neurosis
d. five layers of neurosis
d. five layers of neurosis
In gestalt therapy unexpressed emotions are known as
a. unfinished business.
b. the emerging gestalt.
c. form/figure language.
d. the top dog.
a. unfinished business.