CATEGORY 1: Scene Safety & Initial Assessment
While performing CPR, a valid legal document is presented stating the patient does not wish resuscitation. This document requires EMS to stop resuscitation efforts.
What is a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order?
This compression-to-ventilation ratio is used for adult CPR.
What is 30 compressions to 2 breaths?
These are the two upper chambers of the heart.
What are the atria?
This is the leading cause of death in the United States.
What is heart disease?
This is the universal sign of choking.
What is grasping the throat?
You arrive to find an unconscious patient with agonal breathing and no pulse. This is your immediate action.
What is initiate CPR immediately
Adult compressions must be performed to this depth.
What is 2–2.4 inches deep?
This chamber is known as the heart’s natural pacemaker.
What is the sinoatrial (SA) node?
This condition occurs when heart muscle is deprived of oxygen.
What is ischemia?
Rescue breathing for adults in respiratory arrest is given at this rate.
What is 1 breath every 5–6 seconds?
Brain death can begin after this many minutes without circulation.
What is 4–6 minutes?
Adult compressions must be performed at this rate per minute.
What is 100–120 compressions per minute?
This artery supplies oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
What are the coronary arteries?
This term describes death of heart muscle tissue due to lack of oxygen.
What is infarction?
In pregnancy cardiac arrest, this maneuver improves circulation.
What is left uterine displacement?
You arrive to find a collapsed adult in a grocery store. The scene is safe. The patient is unresponsive, has no pulse, and is not breathing. Brain damage can begin within minutes, making this immediate action critical for survival.
What is beginning high-quality CPR immediately?
This maneuver is used to open the airway when no spinal injury is suspected.
What is the head tilt–chin lift maneuver?
This equation determines cardiac output.
What is heart rate × stroke volume?
This life-threatening condition occurs when fluid builds up in the lungs due to heart failure.
What is acute pulmonary edema?
Classify and Decide: You check responsiveness and find the patient unresponsive. You check the carotid pulse for 10 seconds and detect no pulse, but the patient is making occasional gasping sounds. This abnormal breathing pattern is not adequate and requires immediate intervention.
What is agonal breathing requiring immediate CPR?
You find a patient in cardiac arrest lying partially in a puddle. Before AED pad placement and rhythm analysis, you must perform this critical action to prevent inaccurate readings and rescuer danger.
What is moving the patient away from water and drying the chest?
These two shockable rhythms can be treated with an AED.
What are ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib) and ventricular tachycardia (V-Tach)?
A patient has severe hypotension and signs of shock after a large myocardial infarction because the heart can no longer pump effectively. This condition is known as this type of shock
What is cardiogenic shock?
This medication, given at 324 mg, helps prevent clot growth in suspected heart attack patients.
What is aspirin?
A patient in cardiac arrest has an endotracheal tube placed. CPR must continue without pauses, and ventilations must be delivered at this specific rate.
What is 1 breath every 6 seconds with continuous compressions?