Chapter 1
Unexpected situations that require immediate action.
What are emergencies?
S= signs and symptoms
A= Allergies
M= Medications
P= Pertinent medical history
L= Last food or drink
E= Events leading up to the incident
What does SAMPLE stand for?
Occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked.
What is a heart attack?
Who is choking the most common for?
Young children
The person is obviously pregnant or known to be pregnant.
Give chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
What does CPR stand for?
No more than 5 to 10 seconds.
How long should you check for responsiveness and breathing on a person who appears to be unresponsive?
When a person is having a heart attack...
...every minute counts.
Certain foods, household objects, and toys.
What are choking hazards for 4 year olds?
The person is in a wheelchair.
Give abdominal thrusts in the same way that you would for a person who is standing.
1. Recognizing that an emergency exists.
2. Deciding to take action.
3. Activating the EMS system.
4. Giving care until EMS personnel take over.
What are the 4 steps your supposed to do in an emergency?
If you feel threatened by the person’s behavior, move away from the person to safety and call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number, if you have not already done so.
What to do if the person is acting strangely, being uncooperative, becoming violent, angry or aggressive.
Reassure the person, anxiety increases the person's discomfort.
What should you do when someone might be having a heart attack?
A person who is choking typically has a panicked, confused or surprised facial expression. Some people may place one or both hands on their throat. The person may cough, or he or she may not be able to cough at all.
How will someone choking look?
You are alone and choking.
Give yourself abdominal thrusts, using your hands, just as if you were giving abdominal thrusts to another person.
Unusual sounds, unusual odors, unusual sights, and unusual behaviors.
What are signs of an emergency?
What is your name?
What to ask first when you're interviewing someone.
Occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs.
What is cardiac arrest?
When an adult or child is choking give a combination of:
Back blows and abdominal thrusts.
When caring for an infant that is choking:
Give back blows and chest thrusts.
Permission to give care from the injured or ill person, or the person's guardian if the person is a minor.
What is consent?
Medical identification tags, signs of injury, cuts, burns, and facial expressions.
What should you take note of when checking someone from head-to-toe?
True or false: Cardiac arrest is the same as a heart attack.
False
What to do if the person is too large for you to wrap your arms around to give abdominal thrusts.
Give chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts.
If the person becomes unresponsive:
Carefully lower him or her to the ground and, if you are trained, begin CPR, starting with chest compressions.