Chapter 3
What is the rate for chest compressions per minute for any age?
What is 100 compressions per minute?
body's ability to maintain an internal temperature with an acceptable range (if it becomes overwhelmed it can lead to life threatening illness
what is Thermoregulation?
Leaving a patient after care has been initiated and before the patient has been transferred to someone with equal or greater medical training.
What is Abandonment.
when the airway is partially or completely blocked, reducing or cutting off airflow to the lungs
Two choking situations:
1 - A conscious choking person who may become unconscious while you are giving first aid
2 - An unconscious person who has a blocked airway
What is choking?
get consent from the parent or guardian if they are present
-stay calm and encourage the parent or guardian to stay calm as well
-always be honest with the child, but also use age-appropriate language
-if the child can understand and answer questions, speak directly to them
What is Gathering information if the injured or ill person is a child?
The compression-ventilation ratio for one or two rescuers for ADULT CPR is?
What is 30 compression to 2 ventilation breaths?
exposure to heat and the loss of fluids and electrolytes
What is Heat Related Illnesses?
A legal concept referring to the assumption that an unresponsive person would give permission to be helped if responsive.
What is implied consent.
What are these the causes of
food, toys, buttons, etc. in infants
- gulping down a drink with food in mouth (adults)
- foods and pills (elderly people)
Common causes of choking: Foreign objects
signs and symptoms
allergies
medications
pertinent medical history
last food or drink
events leading up to the incident
What is SAMPLE?
The compression-ventilation ratio for one or two rescuer CHILD or INFANT CPR is?
what is 15 compressions to 2 ventilation breaths?
painful muscle spasms usually in legs and abdomen, caused by loss of fluids
To care: move person to a cool place, have them sip on a cool drink, lightly stretch the muscle
What is Heat cramps?
A finding of failure to act properly in a situation in which there was a duty to act and that harm was caused to the patient as a result.
What is Negligence.
- tongue falls to the back of the throat when lying back
- saliva, blood or vomit pools in the throat
What are Common causes of choking: Tongue?
-consider addressing the person more formally if that is how they introduce themselves
-if the adult can understand and answer questions, speak directly to them instead of addressing questions to other people present
-if the person cannot seem to understand you, don't shout. Just change the wording
-avoid rushing when gathering information so that the person has time to process the questions and respond
-keep an eye out for signs and symptoms that may not be as noticeable in an adult compared to a child (headache, change in activity, change in mental status, lethargy, or difficulty sleeping)
-be aware that the person may not understand you because they can't hear you. Make sure they have their hearing aids in and turned on. Same goes for glasses for people who can't see well.
what is Gathering information if the injured or ill person is an older adult ?
Where should the hands be placed on the chest for adult CPR?
What is hands should be placed on the lower half of breast bone?
occurs when fluids lost through sweating are not replaced
To care: move to cooler environment, remove clothes and apply cool, wet cloths to person's skin, have them drink electrolyte water
What is Heat exhaustion?
A law enacted to legally protect trained providers who voluntarily stop to help, act prudently, do not provide care beyond training, and are not completely careless in delivering emergency care.
What is Good Samaritan law.
- injury to the throat area causes swelling of the airway
- illnesses such as allergies, asthma, epiglottitis, croup etc. also cause swelling
What is Common causes of choking: Swelling
Adult: extend the person's arm that is closest to you above the person's head, roll the person towards yourself onto their side so that their head rests on their extended arm and bend both of the person's knees to stabilize the body
Infant: place the child onto their side as you would for an adult, or hold the infant face-down along your forearm, supporting their head and neck while keeping the mouth and nose clear
what is Recovery position?
What is the preferred hand technique for two rescuer infant CPR?
What is 2 thumb - Thumb & encircling hand technique (compressions with thumbs)?
most severe, when body's cooling system is overwhelmed and stops working
What is Heat stroke?
A federal law protecting the privacy of the patients specific health care information and providing the patient with control over how this information is used and distributed
What is HIPAA.
important to recognize a mild or severe obstruction because the first aid is different
- grabbing the throat
- When air supply to the lungs is first cut off, the casualty's face becomes reddish, grey and the lips and earlobes become bluish. This is called cyanosis
Signs and symptoms associated with choking.
The abrupt loss of the heart's ability to contract and push blood forward through the circulatory system. Typically caused by a sudden disruption of the heart's electrical system?
What is Sudden Cardiac Arrest.