Upper Motor Neurons
which nervous system are the UMN's part of?
central nervous system
(CNS)
which nervous system are the LMN's part of?
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
what is the eye's sensory nerve
the optic nerve (II)
what is CN V called?
trigeminal nerve
what is CN XII called?
hypoglossal
what is an abnormal reflex that is caused by stimulation of the bottom of the foot?
Babinski Reflex
What does the LMN send messages to?
the muscles
what is the nerve that allows you to "smell the roses"
olfactory nerve (I)
what nerve controls facial movements?
facial nerve (VII)
what nerve is involved with turning the head?
XI (spinal accessory nerve)
what can occur when there are lesions in the UMN's?
increased muscle tone & hyperactive reflexes
what are some symptoms seen is those with diseases of the LMN?
muscle atrophy & fasciculation (twitching of a group of muscle fibers)
What is the nerve that sends messages to the occipital lobe of the brain
optic nerve (II)
what is the greatest sensory nerve of the face and the head?
trigeminal nerve (V)
where is CN X located?
Medulla
where do the UMN's travel to?
brain stem or spinal cord
what is lower motor neuron syndrome?
injury to motor nuclei in the brainstem or spinal cord
An athlete gets an assessment after they complain of blurred vision and an inability to read the scoreboard. Which Cranial Nerve is likely dysfunctioning?
optic nerve (II)
where CN VII located?
Pons
which CN is responsible for your gag reflex?
CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
what is upper motor neuron syndome?
damage to the motor neurons in the motor cortex or interruption in the descending fibers
what are LMN formed by?
nerves that connect brain and spinal cord with peripheral structures
which nerve senses scents?
olfactory (I)
what happens when CN VII is damaged?
facial weakness & loss of taste from the anterior part of the tongue
which nerves are involved with swallowing?
the glossopharyngeal (IX) & the vagus nerve (X)