1
2
3
4
5
100
What are the names of Cranial Nerves 1 & 2?
CN-1: Olfactory
CN-2: Optic
100
What are the names of Cranial Nerves 5 through 8?
CN-5: Trigeminal
CN-6: Abducens
CN-7: Facial
CN-8: Vestibulocochlear
100
What are the names of Cranial Nerves 3 & 4?
CN-3: Oculomotor
CN-4: Trochlear
100
What are the names of Cranial Nerves 9 & 10?
CN-9: Glossopharyngeal
CN-10: Vagus
100
What are the names for Cranial Nerves 11 & 12?
CN-11: Spinal Accessory
CN-12: Hypoglossal
200
What is the function of CN-1 & CN-2?
CN-1: relays smell
CN-2: vision
200
What is the function of CN-5, 6, 7, & 8?
CN-5: facial sensation/feeling & jaw control/movement
CN-6: control of lateral rectus
CN-7: controls facial movement & closes eyes & taste (2/3 anterior tongue)
CN-8: hearing & balance
200
What is the function of CN-3 & CN-4?
CN-3: most muscle movements of the eye & opens eyelid
CN-4: controls outward & downward eye movement
200
What is the function of CN-9 & CN-10?
CN-9: motor-controls stylopharyngeus, helps with gag & swallow movements, innervates parotid to create saliva
sensory-feeling from the middle ear to external auditory/pharynx, feeling & taste of posterior 1/3 of tongue
CN-10: motor-innervate pharyngeal & laryngeal muscles (velum/soft palate), helps swallow & speech, controls pitch
sensory-feeling in pharynx & larynx
200
What is the function of CN-11 & CN-12?
CN-11: provides the motor function for the sternocleidomastoid & trapezius
CN-12: motor control of tongue muscles; no bilateral UMN innervation
300
What does damage to CN-1 look like?
Loss of smell (anosmia) & runny nose (could leak CSF)
300
What does damage to CN-5 look like?
UMN: excessive jaw jerk reflex & loss of feeling in lower half of face
LMN: loss of facial sensation whole face
300
What Cranial Nerves are located in the medial Medulla?
CN-12, CN-10 (motor), & CN-9
300
What Cranial Nerves are located in the lateral Medulla?
CN-11 & (sensory) CN-10
300
What does damage to CN-11 look like?
unable to move neck or shoulders
400
What does damage to CN-2 look like?
Vision Loss:
1. Monocular (damage to retina/optic nerve)
2. Bitemporal hemianopia (damage to chiasm)
3. Contralateral homonymous hemianopia (damage after chiasm/LGN)
4. "Pie in the Sky"
400
What does damage to CN-6 look like?
Difficulty turning eye outward
400
What does damage to CN-3 look like?
Difficulty moving eye, blown pupil, & pupil is down and out
400
What does damage to CN-9 look like?
Difficulty with speech & swallowing & gag
400
What does damage to CN-12 look like?
LMN: lingual deviation towards the damage
500
What does damage to CN-8 look like?
Loss of hearing/trouble balancing.
500
What does damage to CN-7 look like?
UMN: lower half of face = facial droop
LMN: whole side of face = facial droop
500
What does damage to CN-4 look like?
Difficulty walking down stairs & head tilts towards the side of the damage.
500
What does damage to CN-10 look like?
LMN: uvula deviation (contralateral to damage)
RLN: vocal fold paresis/paralysis
500
What are some cortical & brainstem deficits?
Cortical: Spastic dysarthria from UMN damage & contralateral sensory loss from damage to 3rd-order sensory neurons, imprecise articulation, reduced pitch & stress variation, harsh/strained vocal quality, primarily involved with articulatory/phonatory/respiratory systems.
Brainstem: Flaccid dysarthria from LMN damage & ipsilesional sensory loss from damage to 1st-order sensory neurons, hypernasality, imprecise articulation, breathy voice quality, shortened utterances.