What is the number of rods and cones in the retina?
100
O, M, M
What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerve?
100
Demonstrate the movements a patient would show if they had a normal functioning facial nerve?
Eyebrows, Eye, Cheeks, Smile
100
Taste, touch post 1/3
What is the general and special sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
200
SSMMBMBSBBMM
What is a good mnemonic for the functions of the cranial nerves?
200
1-Photoreceptor: Rods and Cones
2-Interneurons: Horizontal, amacrine, bipolar
3-Ganglion Cells
Name the three cell layers of the retina?
200
• Muscles of mastication (maseeter, temporalis, pterygoids)
• Middle ear muscles (tensor tympani)
• Muscles of the oral diaphragm
What is the motor function of the trigeminal nerve?
200
Jokes! This is a nerve solely for special sensory structures.
What is the motor function of CNVIII?
200
Parotid salivary gland.
What is the PSNS function of CN IX?
300
Basal and medial part of the temporal cortex
Where does the olfactory nerve terminate?
300
CN II and III
Which nerves are involved in the direct and consensual pupillary reflex? Briefly explain the pathway.
300
V and VII
Which two nerves does the corneal reflex involve?
300
• The main function of the vestibular system is to sense the position of the head in space and to maintain balance through influencing body muscles that are mainly located in the body axis (e.g. antigravity muscles such as the back muscles and extensor muscles of the thigh), e.g. through: - lateral and medial vestibulospinal tracts
What is the function of the vestibular system?
300
So they don't cough on you.
When testing for recurrent laryngeal nerve lesion i.e. ask the patient to cough, why does the patient turn their head to one side?
400
Olfactory nerve.
Which CN is the only nerve capable of regeneration?
400
Lateral geniculate nucleus
Which nucleus do third order optic neurons synapse on?
400
Taste ant 2/3 tongue.
What is the special sensory function of CNVII?
400
The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is a reflex eye movement that stabilizes images on the retina during head movement by producing an eye movement in the direction opposite to head movement, thus preserving the image on the center of the visual field.
Describe the vestibulo-occular reflex?
400
Towards the side of the lesion.
In which direction will the tongue deviate if there is a lesion of the left CNXII?
500
Diencephalon
From which embryonic structure does CN III and IV originate?