Anatomy
Which two cranial plates come in pairs?
Temporal and parietal
For a Lateral Skull projection, the CR is angled how much?
Perpendicular to the IR
For the Parietoacanthial (Water) Facial bones How should the patient be positioned?
The PT should extend the chin and orbito-meatal line should form 37-degree angle with the plane of the IR
This fibrous joint runs between the frontal and parietal bones.
Coronal Suture
What is the imaginary line passing between the pupils?
Interpupillary line
Which bone houses the optic groove?
Sphenoid bone
For a PA axial (caldwell) the CR is angled __ and exits the __
15 degrees caudad and exits the nasion
For an AP axial (Towne) method, the patient should ___ (flex or extend) the neck enough to place either OML or IOML perpendicular to the IR
Flex
The Asterion is defined as _
The junction of the occipital bone, parietal bone, and mastoid portion of the temporal bone.
Which Topographical landmark sits between the Nasion and the Outer Canthus?
The Inner Canthus
How many bones are there in the skull and what are their divisions?
(Hint: separated into two groups)
8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones
(bonus: what are the names of the cranial subdivisions?)
For an AP axial (towne method) the CR is angled __ and enters __
30 degrees caudad and enters about 2 1/2 inches above the glabella.
(Bonus: if the IOML is used, the angle is __?)
What is the routine projection for Nasal bones and how is the patient positioned?
Lateral, patient is upright or in recumbent anterior oblique position with MSP of the head horizontal.
This fibrous joint runs between the temporal bone and the parietal bone
Squamosal suture
The line passing through the EAM and the Acanthion is the?
Acanthiomeatal line
Three types of skull morphology?
Mesocephalic - “typical skull”
Brachycephalic - short from front to back, broad from side to side, shallow from vertex to base
Dolichocephalic - long from front to back, narrow from side to side, deep from vertex to base
The CR for the SMV (Schuller Method) enters __ and is perpendicular to __?
A MODIFIED waters best demonstrates what pathology?
Blowout fractures of the orbits.
(bonus: this type of fracture can lead to what other pathology?)
At what age is adult cranial size typically achieved?
Age 12
The Glabella is located?
Superior to the Nasion and between the eyebrows.
Name all bones that are a part of the facial bones.
2 Nasal, 2 Maxillary, 2 lacrimal, 2 zygomatic, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae, Vomer, Mandible
For a Parietoacanthial (waters) Facial Bone view, what is the angle of the CR?
Perpendicular to exit the Acanthion.
The superimposition of the orbital roof, greater wings of the sphenoid, mastoid regions, TMJ’s and the sella turcica in profile
What structure(s) does the Ethmoid bone articulate with?
Frontal, sphenoid, lacrimal, maxilla and Vomer.
The Glabelloalveolar line is the?
Line running along the Midsagittal plane between the Glabella and the Maxilla’s alveolar process