What is Criminology?
According to Boyd, criminologists examine these two concepts: both social processes related to the governance of criminality which shift and change over time
what is deviance and criminalization?
The so-called “father of criminology,” in the early 1870s.
who is Cesare Lombroso?
these are the three types of offences
what is summary, indictable, and hybrid?
Only some populations trust the police and have their claims followed up by authorities; however, this term describes the crimes that are underreported
what is the dark figure?
the Canadian militarized police force (1873), maintaining control over Indigenous peoples while simultaneously enforcing the order of settlers in the new Canadian North-West Territories (NWT)....
who is the North-West Mounted Police (NWMP)?
Criminologists use the following two research methods
what is qualitative and quantitative?
A distinguished professor who referred to the work of Du Bois', inclduing the exclusion of race
who is Gabbidon?
these are the three roles of criminal law
what is retribution, denunciation, and deterrence?
statistics are best understood as not being _____ and are a ______
what is neutral? what is a social construction?
this individual led the red river rebellion (1960s), which is now argued by RCMP to have solidified their authority in Canada
who is Louis Riel?
criminology is not a discipline; criminology is eclectic; criminology is contested; criminology is governmental.
According the Rafter, these are the key themes in early criminological development
what is moral insanity, evolution, and crime as a social phenomenon?
a department of the federal government of Canada that represents the Canadian government in legal matters
what is the department of justice?
the term use in the early 19th century (1800) for the collection of prosecutions, convictions, etc.
what are moral statistics?
the RCMP had a key role in this particular labour movement
what is the Winnipeg General Strike (1919)?
The making of Canada begins with this important concept
What are treaties?
Social researcher who linked his research to activism and advocacy where there was a larger social justice project: lives of Black Americans with regards to emancipation and slavery, Ethnography, and explained crime through social forces (not phrenology)
who is W.E.D Du Bois?
this country has a relatively high incarceration rate compared to western countries
what is Canada?
the french philosopher who studies social control and developed the idea of governmentality
who is Foucault?
This process and legacy has a continuous impact on Policing within Canada
what is settler colonialism?
The British criminologists who studies the rise of prisons in 1990s and the role of punishment in society
who is Garland?
Epistemological stance that knowledge can be measured through deductive reasoning
what is positivism?
This difference of opinion is one produced via the criminal justice system, it is an artificial construct needed to produce a legal outcome
what is the criminal justice dichotomy of victim/perpetrator?
This individual stated how we should understand the study of crime to be inherently politicized and interconnected with the larges cultural and social context
who is Mopas?
This theory explains why visible criminal symbolism, anti-social charteristics, and civil disorder promote more crime.
what is broken windows?