Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Vocabulary
Potpourri
100
the founders of the Classical theory, about 1764 and 1789
Who are Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham?
100
The Founder of the Trait Theory
Who is Cesare Lombroso?
100
A person's place in the social structure determines his or her behavior. Socialization within the family, school, peer groups--controls behavior
What is Sociological Theory?
100
Mutual trust, a willingness to intervene in the supervision of children, and the maintenance of public order; the cohesion among residents along with shared expectations for social control of public space...
What is collective efficacy.
100
Known as a folklorist and 1960's cultural icon, who influenced alternative culture, and provided an example to class of the Social Structure Theories.
Who is Tiny Tim?
200
This theory states that people choose to commit crime after weighing the benefits and costs of their actions.
What is Classical or Rational Choice?
200
this is the core belief of the Trait theory.
What is: some people have biological and metal traits inherited and present at birth - which cause crime.
200
Crime is a product of transitional neighborhoods and urban social life: based upon Poverty, Social disorganization, breakdown of traditional values, criminal areas, cultural transmission, and criminal careers make up this --
What is Social Disorganization Theory?
200
One of the most widely used psychological tests; has subscales designed to measure many different personality traits, including psychopathic deviation, schizophrenia, and hypomania.
What is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)?
200
used his racial position in South Africa to describe how he dealt with blushing when he was embarrassed to deflect an genetic or "trait" he was born with.
Who is Bishop Desmond TuTu?
300
These approaches best deter crime that people choose to commit
What are certain, severe, and swift punishment?
300
These are the Modern outgrowths of Positivist Theory
What are Biosocial, Psychological, Behavioral, Evolutionary (also Cognitive and Arousal)
300
Besides poverty and crime, this aspect is the basic component of Strain Theory.
What is "People who desire conventional success but lack means and opportunity will experience strain and frustration?"
300
Extreme impairment of a person's ability to think clearly, respond emotionally, communicate effectively, understand reality, and behave appropriately; may hear voices, hallucinate and exhibit illogical in incoherent thought processes.
What is Schizophrenia?
300
The best theory for analyzing why students in this class set their own conduct norms for use of multimedia gadgets.
What is Cultural Deviance Theory of Conduct Norms and Focal Concerns -- also the subculture of groups with alternative lifestyles and values than the teacher.
400
Law violating behavior is the product of careful thought. People who commit crime believe that this outweights the risks.
What is the rewards of crime?
400
These criminologists focus on the study of brain activity
What is neurophysiology?
400
Institutional anomie theory views that the success goal is pervasive in American Culture.
What is The American Dream?
400
this concept suggests that punishment is needed to preserve the social equity disturbed by crime. Don't do the crime if you can't do the time. Punishment prevents more misery (to victimes) than it cause pain to the perpetrator.
What is "Just Desert." [Also known as the Minced Meat Pie with whipped cream with a nice slice of Devon Cheddar cheese and a nice Scotch Whisky theory.]
400
The standard that suggests that one significant handicap that lower-class children face is the inability to positively impress authority figures, such as teachers, employers, or supervisors.
What is middle-class measuring rods?
500
according to this theory, if the probability of arrest, conviction, and sanctioning increases, crime rates should decline.
What is Deterrence Theory?
500
These two theories argue, respectively, that intelligence and predisposition is largely determined genetically and on the other hand the intelligence and activity must be viewed as primarily sociological.
What are the Nature theory and Nurture theories, respectively?
500
Under this theory, groups maintain their their own set of conduct norms; and cultural conflict occurs when criminal law conflicts with this groups demands.
What is Cultural Deviance Theory?
500
During this period, social philosophers began to embrace the view that human behavior was a result of rational thought processes.
What is the Enlightenment Period?
500
criminality is the result of anger, frustration, and adverse emotions...
What is negative affective states?
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