Terminology
A legal body empowered to conduct official proceedings and investigate potential criminal conduct to determine whether criminal charges should be brought.
What is a "grand jury"?
Comes first after an arrest in the criminal procedure
What is the filing of a complaint by the police officer or prosecutor.
The attorney representing the state and presenting the case against the defendant.
Who is the prosecutor?
Overruled!
What is when a judge disagrees with an objection and allows the witness to answer the question.
A request made to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court.
What is an appeal?
The money put up to secure the release of a person who has been charged with a crime, allowing them to await trial outside of prison.
What is bail?
The judge informs the defendant of the charges, their right to remain silent, and sets conditions for jail release.
What is what happens during the initial appearance?
A certified peace officer that maintains order in the court and administers oaths.
Who is the bailiff
Leading the Witness
A prohibited practice where an attorney suggests the answer within the question asked to the witness.
List one example of grounds for appeal
What is claims of unfair trial or errors in the admission of evidence
A plea of "no contest" made by a defendant, allowing the judge to find them guilty without admitting guilt.
What is "nolo contendere"?
A mini-trial where the prosecutor presents evidence and the defendant can learn the prosecution's case.
What is a preliminary hearing?
To represent the defendant and ensure their rights are protected throughout the trial.
Who is the defense attorney
Hearsay
What is an out-of-court statement introduced to prove the truth of the matter asserted, which is generally not allowed.
A trial that is invalid due to a procedural error or jury deadlock.
What is a mistrial
A constitutional right that bars second prosecutions after either acquittal or conviction for the same offense.
What is "double jeopardy"?
The defendant is formally charged with a crime and enters a plea, which the judge responds to by setting a trial date or sentencing date.
What is the arraignment process?
The Role of the Jury
What is The jury observes the trial and decides on the guilt or innocence of the defendant.
Unanimous Decision
A unanimous decision is required for a verdict; if not reached, it results in a hung jury.
Right to appeal a verdict
Who is only the defendant can appeal; the prosecution cannot appeal a not guilty verdict.
A period of supervision of an offender ordered by the court instead of serving time in prison.
What is "probation."?
The jury reviews evidence in a secluded location to reach a unanimous decision on the verdict.
What is Jury Duty?
The referee who has the final say on courtroom proceedings and determines the law.
Who is the judge
Courtroom Decorum
What is the expected conduct and behavior of all participants, including respect for the court and its processes.
Explain the concept of "new evidence" in the context of an appeal.
What is evidence that was not available during the original trial that may affect the outcome and could lead to reopening the case.