Accomplice Liability
The person who commits the crime
Who is the principle?
After his 1984 shooting of 4 would-be robbers in the New York City subway system, Bernard Goetz was called this by the media
What is the subway vigilante?
The person accused of a crime
Who is the defendant?
Requiring criminals to pay back or otherwise compensate the victims for their crimes
What is restitution?
It is the most widely abused substance in the United States and a major cause of criminal behavior when it is abused
What is alcohol?
Somone who knowingly, voluntarily, and with common purpose participates in the commission of a crime
Who is an accomplice?
The number of rounds Goetz fired
What is 5?
Process in which a 3rd party hears the complaints of two parties and makes a decision that the parties have agreed in advice to abide by
What is arbitration?
Agreement among two or more persons to commit a crime
What is conspiracy?
Laws passed by many states in the 1920s whose purpose was to keep immigrant children off of the streets and prevent criminal behavior
What are school mandatory attendance laws?
This says that you cannot be considered an accomplice simply by being at the scene of the crime
What is the mere presence rule?
Goetz said this to one of his victims and attempted to shoot him with his empty gun
What is "you don't look so bad, here's another"
This occurs when the witness provides more information that the question asked for
What is narration?
Killing done with malice but without premeditation
What is 2nd degree murder?
According to economist Steven Levitt, this 1973 Supreme Court decision lead to decreased urban crime activity in the 1990s
What is Roe v. Wade?
This concept establishes accomplice liability and the degree to which an accomplice was involved in the crime
What is complicity?
The number of charges brought against Goetz
What is 11?
Oral testimony given out of court
What is a deposition?
A trial without a jury
What is a bench trial?
These causes of crime are more remote from immediate criminal activity but are no less influential
What are distal causes?
This means that acts undertaken by others to advance the principles crime will support accomplice liability
What is community of purpose?
Goetz was found guilty of this charge
What is illegal possession of a firearm?
A criminal trial is said to be this in that two parties who are in conflict present their arguments to a third party not involved in the dispute and who then renders a decision
What is a adversarial process?
A defense in a criminal trial, it is when a defendant makes a choice between the lesser of two evils and thus should not be punished
What is a justification?
About 5% of all jailed people, they have long arrest records and started their criminal careers at an early age
Who are the super-predators?