Chapter 1.
Even in states that have codified their criminal codes, the common-law is important today because?
it is used by judges to help them interpret current criminal statutes.
According to Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), which of the following describes the constitutional right to privacy?
According to Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), which of the following describes the constitutional right to privacy?
Criminal conduct that qualifies for criminal punishment is the definition of
criminal liability.
Factual cause is also known as which of the following?
“but for” cause
Which of the following is a key requirement of the necessity defense?
that no reasonable legal option exists for averting the harm
Which of the following is not one of the criteria required for criminal punishment?
The penalty inflicts enough pain so the offender experiences the full extent of society’s approval.
Which of the following is protected by the First Amendment?
flag burning as a political protest
For an omission to act to be a crime, what must exist?
a legal duty to act
General intent is the intent to cause harm?
have the mens rea.
To provide a valid consent defense, the consent of the victim must be?
knowing and voluntary.
Which of the following is the highest standard of proof known to the law?
beyond a reasonable doubt
Which Amendment to the Constitution contains the Equal Protection clause?
The Fourteenth Amendment
Legal duties can arise from
statutes, contracts, and special relationships.
In strict liability cases, the prosecution has to prove only that defendants committed a?
voluntary criminal act that caused harm.
The modern right to use force against those unlawfully entering the person’s home generally?
does not include defense of the curtilage.
Where is most criminal law found?
state criminal codes
Until what year did the guidelines and mandatory forms of fixed sentencing create only possible cruel and unusual punishment problems?
2000
Those crimes requiring a criminal act triggered by criminal intent are?
conduct crimes.
In the Model Penal Code, the most blameworthy state of mind is?
purposely.
The castle exception is an exception to what doctrine?
the retreat doctrine
The theory of punishment that includes the idea that it is right to hate criminals and they deserve to be punished proportionate to the harm they have done is the theory of?
retribution
The void-for-overbreadth doctrine invalidates laws that have what effect on protected expression?
an unacceptable chilling effect
What failures to perform legal duties are punishable as criminal omissions?
unreasonable
The cause that either interrupts a chain of events or substantially contributes to a result is called the?
intervening cause.
Supporters of the castle laws see them as the public reasserting?
fundamental rights