Criminal Law, the Concept of Crime, and Criminal Liability
Criminal Responsibility and Defenses
Personal, Property, and Computer Crimes
Public Order Crimes
Crime Victims and Crime Punishment
100
Unwritten rules that underlie and are inherent in the fabric of society
What are norms?
100
These represent the two main types of defenses.
What are factual and legal-based?
100
The killing of a human being by the act, procurement, or omission of another human being.
What is homicide?
100
Specific, purposeful, and unlawful behavior that tends to cause public inconvenience, annoyance, or alarm.
What is disorderly conduct?
100
The process through which a legal authority imposes a punishment or other sanction on a person convicted of violating the criminal law.
What is sentencing?
200
The court system that pits the prosecution against the defense in the belief that truth can best be realized through effective debate over the merits of the opposing sides.
What is the adversarial system?
200
A type of legal defense in which the defendant admits to committing the act in question but claims it was necessary in order to avoid some greater evil.
What is Justification?
200
A Latin term that translates to "body of [the] crime". Also, the essence of a criminal offense that proves that the alleged crime has been committed, but not who committed the crime.
What is corpus delicti?
200
The commission of a traditional crime, such as murder, with the intention of coercing a population or influencing a government through fear or intimidation.
What is terrorism?
200
This sentencing rationale uses imprisonment or other means to reduce the likelihood that an offender will be capable of committing future offenses.
What is incapacitation?
300
A person who, with intent to promote or facilitate the commission of a crime, gives assistance or encouragement to the offender
What is an accomplice?
300
A type of legal defense in which the defendant claims that some personal condition or circumstance at the time of the act was such that he or she should not be held accountable under the criminal law.
What is excuse?
300
The intentional infliction of injury on another that causes the removal of, seriously disfigures, or impairs the function of a member or organ of the body.
What is mayhem?
300
Public drunkenness, driving under the influence and underage drinking are considered this type of crime.
What is alcohol-related crime?
300
The process of negotiating an agreement among the defendant, the prosecutor, and the court as to what an appropriate charge and associated sentence should be in a given case.
What is plea bargaining?
400
Imperfect, partial, or unfinished offenses
What are inchoate offenses?
400
The concept of whether a defendant is able to understand the nature and object of the proceeding against him or her and is able to assist in the preparation of his or her own defense
What is competency?
400
Sexual intercourse, whether consensual or not, with a person under the age of consent, as specified by statute.
What is statutory rape?
400
An offense committed against the social values and interests represented in and protected by the criminal law and in which parties to the offense willingly participate.
What is victimless crime?
400
Shock incarceration, home confinement, and community service are examples of these types of sanctions.
What are intermediate sanctions?
500
For criminal liability to exist, these 3 features must be present
What are actus reus, mens rea and concurrence?
500
This test for insanity requires that the defendant “did not know what he was doing” (did not know the “nature and quality of his or her act”), or “did not know he was doing wrong.”
What is M’Naghten?
500
The unlawful taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another by force or by threat of force.
What is robbery?
500
An enforcement strategy supported by federal statutes and some state laws that authorizes judges to seize “all monies, negotiable instruments, securities, or other things of value furnished or intended to be furnished by any person in exchange for a controlled substance . . . [and] all proceeds traceable to such an exchange.”
What is asset forfeiture?
500
This Amendment plays a key role in sentences involving the death penalty.
What is the 8th Amendment?
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