IT'S LATIN TO ME
Refers to the five elements of criminal liability that must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt in order to convict a person of a crime.
What is corpus delicti?
The act of being legally detained to answer criminal charges based on an arrest warrant or on a law enforcement officer’s probable cause to believe the person arrested has committed a felony crime.
What is arrest?
Statements about relationships between and among factors we expect to find based on the logic of our theories.
What are hypotheses?
One of the two so-called ideological visions of the world. The constrained vision views human activities as constrained by an innate human nature that is self-centered and largely unalterable.
What is constrained vision?
A court-ordered sentence that allows an offender to remain in the community instead of serving time in jail or prison, provided they comply with specific conditions set by the court.
What is probation?
Universally condemned crimes that are “inherently bad.”
What is Mala in se?
A court proceeding in which the defendant answers to the charges against him or her by pleading guilty, not guilty, or no contest (nolo contendere).
What is arraignment?
A set of logically interconnected propositions explaining how phenomena are related and from which a number of hypotheses can be derived and tested.
What is a theory?
One of the two so-called ideological visions of the world. The unconstrained vision denies an innate human nature, viewing it as formed anew in each culture.
What is unconstrained vision?
The conditional release of an inmate from prison before the completion of their full sentence, allowing them to serve the remainder of the sentence in the community under supervision.
What is parole?
Crimes that are “bad” simply because they are prohibited
What is Mala prohibita
An intentional act in violation of the criminal law committed without defense or excuse and penalized by the state.
What is crime?
That segment of the phenomenon of interest that is measured and analyzed (e.g., individuals, families, neighborhoods, states).
What is level of analysis?
A way of looking at the world, a general emotional picture of “how things should be” that forms, shapes, and colors our concepts of the phenomena we study.
What is ideology?
A course of action designed to solve some problem and selected by appropriate authorities from among alternative courses of action.
What is a policy?
“Guilty mind.” Criminal liability does not attach based on actions alone; there must also be criminal intent.
What is Mens rea?
An investigatory jury composed of 7 to 23 citizens before which the prosecutor presents evidence that sufficient grounds exist to try the suspect for a crime. If the prosecutor is successful, he or she obtains an indictment from the grand jury listing the charges a person is accused of.
What is Grand Jury?
An interdisciplinary science that gathers and analyzes data on crime and criminal behavior.
What is criminology?
A legal principle stating that there must be an established proximate causal link between the criminal act and the harm suffered.
What is causation?
Who is Sheriff Tommy Ford?
Literally guilty act, it refers to the principle that a person must commit some forbidden act or neglect some mandatory act before he or she can be subjected to criminal sanctions.
What is Actus reus
The legal principle stating that a crime must have a negative impact on either the victim or the general values of the community to be a crime.
What is harm?
A continuously distributed trait composed of a combination of other continuously distributed traits that signals the willingness to use force, fraud, or guile to deprive others of their lives, limbs, or property for personal gain.
What is criminality?
The legal principle stating that the act (actus reus) and the mental state (mens rea) concur in the sense that the criminal intention actuates the criminal act.
What is concurrence?
The CEO of UnitedHealthcare, who was shot to death in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on December 4, 2024.
Who was Brian Thompson?