6: Social Structure Theory
This branch of social structure theory argues that crime is most likely in neighborhoods with weak social controls, poverty, and residential instability.
1. What is cultural deviance theory?
2. What is social disorganization theory?
3. Social poverty Theory?
2. What is social disorganization theory?
This social process theory argues that people learn criminal behavior through interactions with different groups weighing their reason for crime/ no crime?
1. differential association theory
2. labeling theory
3. differential reinforcement theory
4. differential assessment theory
1. What is differential association theory?
This perspective argues that crime is defined by those in power and often reflects inequality in society.
1. What is critical criminology?
2. What is social conflict theory?
3. What is game conflict theory?
4. What is a restorative justice theory?
2. What is social conflict theory?
These theories focus on how and why criminal behavior changes over a person’s lifetime. Hint look up
What are developmental theories of criminology?
Who identified economic structures to affect human relations?
Karl Marx
According to Robert K. Merton, this occurs when people cannot achieve culturally approved goals through legitimate means.
What is strain?
This theory suggests that youths who are unfairly discussed/seen as “criminals” or “troublemakers” may continue delinquent behavior because of society’s reaction.
1. differential association theory
2. labeling theory
3. differential reinforcement theory
4. differential assessment theory
2. What is labeling theory?
This idea suggests that crime results from competition over scarce resources and social inequality.
1. What is critical criminology?
2. What is social conflict
3. What is class conflict
4. What is a restorative justice
3. What is class conflict?
This theory suggests that crime is influenced by events and transitions across a person’s life, such as school, work, and relationships.
1. What is a criminal trajectory theory?
2. What is the life-course theory?
3. What is latent trait theory?
4. What is family path theory?
2. What is the life-course theory?
Developed a theory of anomie.
This branch of social structure theory focuses on how lower-class values and subcultures can encourage criminal behavior.
1. What is cultural deviance theory?
2. What is poverty-crime theory?
3. What is social process theory?
4. What is differential reinforcement theory?
What is cultural deviance theory?
Travis Hirschi argued that strong attachments, commitment, involvement, and belief help prevent this?
What is criminal behavior (or delinquency)?
Answer: This sociologist is strongly associated with modern social conflict theory and emphasized power and inequality in lawmaking.
Who is Karl Marx?
This concept refers to long-term patterns or pathways of offending that begin early in life and continue over time.
1. What is a criminal trajectory theory?
2. What is the life-course theory?
3. What is latent trait theory?
4. What is family path theory?
1. What is a criminal trajectory?
Who developed Differential Association Theory?
Edwin H. Sutherland
This theory suggests that visible signs of disorder, such as graffiti, vandalism, and broken windows, encourage more serious crime in a neighborhood.
What is Broken Windows Theory?
Answer: This theory explains that people continue criminal behavior when it is rewarded or supported more than punished.
1. differential association theory
2. labeling theory
3. differential reinforcement theory
4. differential assessment theory
3. What is differential reinforcement theory?
This approach to criminology focuses on how power, inequality, and capitalism influence crime and law.
1. What is critical criminology?
2. What is social conflict theory?
3. What is game conflict theory?
4. What is a restorative justice theory?
1. What is critical criminology?
This theory argues that a stable underlying trait, such as impulsivity, can influence criminal behavior across the lifespan.
1. What is a criminal trajectory theory?
2. What is the life-course theory?
3. What is latent trait theory?
4. What is family path theory?
3. What is latent trait theory?
Who developed a form of Social Control Theory?
These two criminologists studied Chicago neighborhoods and concluded that crime remained high even when different ethnic groups moved into the area.
1. Calvin Shaw & Harold McBride
2. Clifton Shea & Henry McCann
3. Clarence Shawley & Howard McKayne
4. Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay
4. Who were Clifford Shaw and Henry McKay?
This theory states that delinquent behavior is reinforced through rewards, punishments, and observation of others’ behavior.
1. differential association theory
2. social learning theory
3. differential reinforcement theory
4. differential assessment theory
5. social behavior theory
What is social learning theory?
This type of meeting brings victims, offenders, and community members together to decide how to repair harm.
What is a restorative justice conference (or circle)?
This concept suggests that events like marriage, employment, or military service can help people stop or reduce criminal behavior.
What are life-course turning points or desistance
Researched different delinquent trajectories/paths