Unit 1
Name four categories of crimes.
white-collar crimes, moral crimes, state crimes, technological crimes, hate crimes, honour crimes, domestic crimes,
the guilty act
Name four key personnel involved in crime scenes.
Police officers, CSI's, forensic scientists, forensic pathologists, CPS.
How many parts make up Parliament? Name them all.
3.
Monarch, House of Lords and House of Commons
Name 3 rights a suspect has at the police station. (NB. not when being arrested or questioned).
Free legal advice, to tell someone of your arrest, see the rules the police must follow, under 18's/vulnerable adults should have a responsible adult contacted to be with them.
What is a More?
Basic, essential norms that society sees as vital for maintaining standards of decency and civilised behaviour.
When transferring evidence for examination, what must a detective make sure he/she does?
Signs the item out of storage. Completes the necessary handing protocol (depending on the evidence) and replaces the evidence in storage in the original packaging.
Which two theories support the Crime Control model of justice?
Right Realism
Functionalism
There are seven criteria in the Public Interest Test. Name 5 of them, in any order.
How serious the offence is, the suspects level of culpability, the harm to the victim, suspects age and maturity, the impact on the community, if prosecution is a proportionate response, do source of information require protecting
Outline Kohlberg's moral development theory.
Idea of right and wrong develops in stages throughout childhood. The pre-moral level is found in children, which is the understanding that right and wrong bring either rewards or punishments, whereas adults understand the moral principals and values underlying right and wrong.
Explain three strengths of magistrates.
Democracy, local knowledge, representative of the population, limited number of appeals, cost.
What is a determinate sentence and what is a suspended sentence?
DS = Fixed term sentence
SS = When a defended is given a sentence but not sent to prison (only for those who would have been given a sentence of less than 12 months)
Explain why the judge in Colin Stagg's trial declared a mistrial. Include why it was deemed that Colin Stagg could not receive a fair trial.
The evidence was inadmissible because a 'honey trap' had been used which meant that the evidence was illegally obtained and improperly obtained. This means that the probative value (its value in proving the case) outweighed the prejudicial effect (the risk of producing and unfair trial).
Suggest two strengths of Kohlberg's moral development theory.
There is a lot of evidence that shows that juvenile delinquents do lack an understanding of the morals and values behind right and wrong.
The theory helps explain theft and robbery more than crimes of violence.
Outline one case that led to the Double Jeopardy Law being changed.
Stephen Lawrence
Ann Ming
Advises police about lines of enquiry & evidence needed
Assesses the evidence submitted & keeps case under continuous review
Decides whether to prosecute & charges
Prepare the prosecution & presents case in court
Assists, informs and supports victims & prosecution witnesses
Explain four weaknesses of the jury system.
Outline two ways in which Right Realism has informed policy development?
Situational Crime Prevention
Environmental Crime Prevention
Penal Populism and imprisonment
What did the appeal in the Mark Duggan case argue and what was the response of the court?
That the coroner had misled the jury - should have told them to consider whether the officer's belief was based on reasonable grounds, and if not to return a verdict of unlawful killing. The court rejected this appeal arguing that it was a matter of common sense that the jury would consider this.
There are many gaps in state provision of social control. There are four main reasons for this. Name three.
Lack of resources - funding cuts etc.
New technology is generating too much data for CPS to cope with.
Unreported crime - 60% of crimes estimated to not be reported.
Existing laws - New crimes (especially due to social media) require new laws to be passed.