Chapter 1
Conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction for which there is no legally ______________________
acceptable justification or excuse
In the 1960s, the emphasis on individual rights was accompanied by a dramatic increase in reported criminal activity.
True
“Truth in action.”
A popular dictionary defines it as “the principle of moral rightness, or conformity to truth.
The principle of fairness; the ideal of moral equity.
This type of agency carries out the sentence imposed by the court.
Correctional
The ________ process is where fingerprints and pictures are taken.
booking
The process by which decisions that feel fair are made, is a vital component of our American justice system.
procedural fairness
A condition said to exist when a group is faced with social change, uneven development of culture, maladaptiveness, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus.
social disorganization
Concerns itself with fairness in relationships between citizens, government agencies, and businesses in private matters, such as those involving contractual obligations, business dealings, hiring, and equality of treatment.
civil justice
_____ is a measure of crimes solved by the police.
clearance rates
What Amendment pertains to arrest.
4th
The implementation of fair and equitable procedures in the administration of justice.
procdural justice
President Ronald Reagan created a cabinet-level “drug czar” position to coordinate the “______________.”
War on drugs
The performance of any of the following activities: detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or rehabilitation of accused persons or criminal offenders
The administration of justice
An attempt to recreate the sequence of activities, leading up to and including the criminal event.
the investigation
Forthwith.....arrestees must be brought before a magistrate in a ____________.
initial or first
2001 - this Act greatly increased the authority of law enforcement when investigating terrorism
The Patriot Act
A different kind of offending, corporate crime or _________, took center stage in 2002 and 2003 as the Congress stiffened penalties for unscrupulous business executives who knowingly falsify their company’s financial reports
white-collar
The_________ assumes that each of the component parts of the criminal justice system strives toward a common goal and that the movement of cases and people through the system is smooth due to cooperation between the various components of the system.
consensus model
consensus model
This document assists the judge in determining the sentence
Pre-sentence report
After a defendant has served a portion of his sentence, he may be eligible for ______________.
parole
2009: This person pleaded guilty to the largest Ponzi scheme in US History.
Bernie Madoff
One who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interests of society should take precedence over individual rights.
Public order advocate
A writ issued by a judicial officer directing a law enforcement officer to perform a specified act and affording the officer protection from damages if he or she performs it.
warrant
2 triggers for Miranda
1. custody
2. incriminating questions
Name three things that happen at the first hearing after arrest.
The judge will tell them of the charges against them, will again advise them of their rights, and may sometimes provide the opportunity for bail