1
What organisms have DNA?
All organisms
What is the human body's defense system called?
Immune system
What scientific award did the 2 scientist that helped discover CRISPR/Cas9 receive?
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry
What word is an example of a palindrome?
Kayak
What is the benefit of using CRISPR/Cas9 on crops, such as corn?
These new varieties are able to grow even during extreme weather events like drought and heat waves
Research using CRISPR is often done on what types of organisms?
Bacteria, yeast, worms, plants, and mice
What is a palindromic sequence?
Code that can be read the same way forward or backward
Who are the 2 researchers that helped discover CRISPR/Cas9?
Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna
What are some human diseases caused by?
Mistakes in the DNA
What does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
What is the defense system of some bacteria?
CRISPR/Cas9
What is a method of treating diseases that is caused by mutations in the DNA?
Gene Therapy
What is a three nucleotide sequence that acts like the dotted lines showing Cas9 where to cut the DNA?
PAM Site
What is a protein that acts like scissors to cut the DNA?
Cas9
What are the four nucleotides?
adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)
What is a set of rules that makes sure that the work scientists do does not hurt animals or humans?
Ethics
What is a piece of DNA, that the scientist designs, to replace as the new sequence that we want the gene to have?
Repair template
What are sections of DNA that code for a specific trait?
Genes
What is the virus that infects bacteria?
Bacteriophages
What is a small molecular strand that leads Cas9 to the location it needs to cut the DNA, much like GPS coordinates?
Guide RNA
Why is "Cas9" included in the name CRISPR/Cas9?
Because it is an important protein used in the CRISPR system
How does bacteria use CRISPR/Cas9 stop the infection from the virus?
It cuts the genetic material into pieces
What is DNA made of?
Four different building blocks called nucleotides
What 2 situations have the science community determined that the use of editing DNA is ethical?
To prevent people from getting sick or if it cures people who are already sick
What does the bacteria keep after fighting off the virus using CRISPR/Cas9? Why does it do this?