Intracranial Pressure and CPP Dynamics
This calculated value represents the pressure gradient driving blood flow and oxygen delivery to brain tissue, defined mathematically as MAP-ICP
What is Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)?
This pathophysiological process describes the root meaning of "lateral sclerosis" in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS).
What is hardening or scarring of the corticospinal tract in the lateral column of the spinal cord?
When calculating a Glasgow Coma Scale score, opening eyes only in response to deep pain receives this specific point value.
What is a score of 2?
When caring for a client experiencing an acute MS relapse, this medication class is prioritized to reduce acute inflammation.
What are corticosteroids?
This anticholinergic or respiratory infection can trigger this acute, life-threatening exacerbation of muscle weakness in a client with myasthenia gravis.
What is a myasthenic crisis?
This is the recommended evidence-based clinical target range for CPP in an adult client with a neurological injury or elevated ICP.
What is 60-70mmHg?
Observations of hyperreflexia and spasticity in a client with motor neuron disease indicates damage to this specific category of motor neurons.
What are Upper Motor Neurons
This critical nervous system response—characterized by hypertension with a widened pulse pressure, bradycardia, and irregular respirations—prevents brainstem ischemia.
What is Cushing's Triad?
A client starting on Interferon beta-1a should be educated to expect this common, self-limiting side effect profile shortly after administration.
What are flu-like symptoms?
This grouping of symptoms includes difficulty chewing, choking, trouble swallowing, liquid escaping through nose etc.
What are bulbar symptoms?
This head-of-bed elevation range promotes jugular venous drainage and helps lower intracranial pressure without compromising perfusion.
What is 30-45 degree?
This vital pulmonary diagnostic test should be scheduled every 3 months to monitor declining respiratory function in clients with ALS.
What are Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?
This type of external ventricular drainage device allows for both continuous intracranial pressure monitoring and therapeutic drainage of cerebrospinal fluid.
What is a Ventriculostomy?
This osmotic diuretic is given intravenously to draw fluid out of brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure.
What is mannitol?
A severe thunderclap is a hallmark sign of this condition.
What is subarachnoid hemorrhage?
During normal cerebral autoregulation, this is how cerebral blood vessels react when systemic blood pressure drops.
What is dilate? (expands to decrease resistance and maintain blood flow)
In clients with MS, this is described as a brief electric shock–like sensation from the neck down the spine; it may radiate into the arms or legs.
What is Lhermitte's sign?
Typically occurs within 3 days of SAH characterized by constriction of blood vessels in the brain.
What is cerebral vasospasm?
This disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis is administered intravenously to prevent immune cells from entering the brain and spinal cord.
What is Natalizumab?
This is a surgical procedure may take years to see effects but is a common treatment for myasthenia gravis.
What is a thymectomy?
This positioning maneuver is strictly contraindicated for clients with increased ICP because it dramatically increases pressure and impairs venous drainage.
What is trendelenburg position?
A neurodegenerative disease characterized by ascending muscle weakness that starts in the feet/legs and spreads upward to the upper body and arms (though initial symptoms occasionally appear in the arms or face)
What is Guillain Barre Syndrome?
This type of traumatic brain injury involves widespread shearing and stretching of nerve fibers, often resulting from high-speed motor vehicle collisions without external head trauma.
What is a Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)?
This calcium channel blocker is specifically prescribed following a subarachnoid hemorrhage to prevent cerebral vasospasm and secondary ischemia.
What is nimodipne?
This genetic connective tissue disorder is included as a major risk factor and comorbidity for spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to a ruptured aneurysm.
What is Marfan's Syndrome