We are quick to take credit for our successes and to blame failures on outside factors.
What is SELF-SERVING BIAS?
100
Ch. 7: An implied comparison between two things
What is METAPHORICAL CREATIVITY?
100
To make sense of something by giving it some meaning
in one’s mind
What is REASONING?
100
A decision is not complete until you have taken action
What is MAKING AND IMPLEMENTING THE DECISION?
100
A generalization accepted on the support of a sample too small to warrant it.
What is HASTY GENERALIZATION?
200
Concept of not basing decisions on future consequences
What is SUNK COSTS?
200
Ch. 9: The kind of reasoning that begins with two or more premises and derives a conclusion that must follow from those premises.
What is DEDUCTIVE THINKING?
200
Taking into the mind information that, though memorized,
we do not understand—despite the fact that we think we do
What is INERT INFORMATION?
200
Create the criteria the solution needs to make and compare options
What is EVALUATING THE OPTIONS?
200
Introduces an irrelevant issue into a discussion as a diversionary tactic.
What is RED HERRING?
300
The tendency to grab for immediate rewards and avoid immediate costs
What is GRATIFICATION BIAS?
300
Ch. 10: A tentative statement about the relationship between two variables, usually in the form of a prediction. Also the second step of the scientific method.
What is HYPOTHESIS?
300
Something we take for granted or presuppose
What is ASSUMPTION?
300
No decision can stand on its own, we have to build the right environment
What is SETTING THE SCENE?
300
Attacking the arguer rather than his/her argument.
What is AD HOMINEM?
400
The tendency for us to believe falsely that we’d have accurately predicted the outcome of an event, after that outcome is actually known.
What is HINDSIGHT BIAS?
400
Ch. 11: Influencing someone to accept
our message
What is PERSUASION?
400
Taking into the mind, and actively using, information
that is false, though we mistakenly think it to be true
What is ACTIVATED IGNORANCE?
400
Never assume that there is only one possible way of solving a problem
What is CREATING OPTIONS?
400
When we misrepresent an opponent’s position to make it easier to attack, usually distorting his/her views to ridiculous extremes.
What is STRAW MAN?
500
Tendency to seek out evidence that supports our current beliefs and to dismiss evidence that challenges them
What is CONFIRMATION BIAS?
500
Ch. 9: The basic form of deductive thinking.
What is SYLLOGISM?
500
A step of the mind, an intellectual act by which one
concludes that something is true in light of something else’s being true, or
seeming to be true.
What is INFERENCE?
500
Decisions start from a simple statement of purpose
What is PREPARING TO DECIDE?
500
An argument in which the conclusion is already assumed in the premises.