Ch. 6
Despite decades of proposed managerial approaches, regarding structure, police organizations remain ______.
Quasi-military hierarchies
Argumentation & debate could be categorized as belonging to this level of communication.
The exercise of discretion in the administration of justice is _____.
Inevitable
Community oriented policing is best expressed by the concept that it is _______________?
What police do with a community
The best communicators cannot be effective unless they are _________.
In the loop
True or False: Effective communication is essential to positive police-community relations?
True
True or false: Our society is based on freedom of choice and that freedom requires the exercise of discretion.
True
True or false: The current state of policing within the United States is the product of a series of developments that have taken place over the past two decades.
What organization is both advantageous and disadvantageous to a police agency?
The informal one
Communication is only effective when ________?
Messages are mutually understood
Our legal system is based on the concept that most people ______________.
Voluntarily obey the law
According to the text what was the effect in the United States of police reform during the second half of the nineteenth century?
The reforms accomplished very little
What is the term by which the negation process between the police union & the employing organization is known?
Collective bargaining
Symbolic communication occurs at a ______ level.
Passive
General public knowledge of selective patterns of law enforcement will produce at the very least ________________________?
An attitude that justice can be negotiated.
What type of policing was an attempt to restore needed ties to the community while maintaining the standards of the professional model?
Team policing
Regarding leadership styles, a person that emphasizes leadership over management, is internally oriented & very popular with officers, is an example of what style?
The Top Cop
Police often focus their attention on groups or individuals when such attention was unwarranted. What is this statement an example of?
Bad intentions
What have several studies found to be influential in discretionary decision-making?
Situational factors such as appearance of the offender and community attitudes.
The emphasis in policing today is on
community-oriented skills