Exam 1 Material
The stages of the Criminal Justice System are made up of three major components
What are policing (law enforcement), courts, and corrections
According to Becarria, these are three essential elements of punishment
What are, Swiftness (celerity), severity, and certainty
The highest court in the US
What is the U.S. Supreme Court
Practice of removing offenders from society so that they will not engage in criminal behaviors for a certain period of time
What is incapacitation
Excessive bail is covered under this amendment
What is the 8th
Lex Talionis
"eye for an eye"
This concept refers to the idea that society has a need to believe that people deserve whatever comes to them
What is the just world hypothesis
This is a dissenting opinion
any justice who disagrees with the decision
Following conviction, a defendant is given a sanction for committing an offense is called
What is sentencing
An approach that refers offenders to a program versus processing their cases through the system
What is a diversion program
Illegal acts for only certain groups of offenders
What are status offenses
The Miranda Warning is associated with this amendment
What is the 5th
This latin term refers to prosecutor and defense questioning potential jurors to determine fitness to serve on a jury
What is voir dire
Capital punishment methods in SC are
What are lethal injection, electrocution, and firing squad
This is when an offender is released from prison and returns to the community
What is reentry
Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity is also known as
What is the M'Naghten Rule
What are attachment, involvement, belief, commitment
When a defendant appears before the court and publicly admits their involvement in their crime
What is allocution
Just deserts is a concept that
What is a concept that argues that a punishment should be proportional or equal to the crime itself
The initiative at CCU that helps with reentry
What is the Incarcerated VOICE
Two competing models of CJ
What are due process and crime control models
Grass eaters vs meat eaters
GE involved in corrupt activities in a passive sense while ME actively seek corrupt activities
This is the current Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
Who is John Roberts Jr.
In order to apply a death sentence, a jury must address the weights of these two factors
What are aggravating factors and mitigating factors
A group of officials who determine where a person should be released from custody prior to sentence completion
What/who is a parole board