GENERAL CONCEPTS
What is selective breeding?
Choosing parents with desirable traits to produce offspring with those traits
What is hybridization in plants?
Crossing two genetically different plants to get a better variety.
How does crossbreeding improve crops?
Combines good traits from both parent plants
What is a disadvantage of inbreeding?
Increased risk of genetic defects.
Why is disease resistance important in livestock?
To reduce illness and improve productivity.
What is artificial selection?
Human-controlled breeding to improve specific traits in plants or animals.
Why is drought resistance important in crops?
It allows crops to survive with less water.
What is marker-assisted selection?
Using DNA markers to identify plants with desired traits.
What is outbreeding?
Breeding unrelated animals to increase genetic diversity.
What is genetic engineering?
Changing DNA to give new traits to an organism.
What is the goal of selection in agriculture?
To improve yield, quality, and resistance to diseases or pests.
What is genetic modification in crops?
Inserting new genes to improve traits like resistance or nutrition.
Why is early maturity important in crops?
It helps farmers harvest sooner and reduce risk.
What is crossbreeding in animals?
Mating animals of different breeds to combine traits.
What is cloning?
Producing genetically identical animals or plants.
What are desirable traits in crops?
High yield, drought resistance, disease resistance, and early maturity.
What does disease resistance mean in crops?
Ability of a plant to fight off infections by pathogens.
What is selective breeding in animals?
Mating animals with desirable traits to pass them to offspring.
Give an example of a trait selected in dairy cows.
High milk production.
What does "high yield" mean in crops or animals?
Producing more output (grain, milk, meat, etc.).
What are the two main types of selection methods?
Natural selection and artificial selection.
What is tissue culture in plants?
Growing new plants from a small part of a parent plant in the lab.
What is inbreeding?
Breeding closely related animals to maintain traits.
What is embryo transfer?
Transferring embryos from a superior female to a surrogate.
How does artificial insemination help animal breeding?
Allows selective breeding without needing the male present.