Crossing Cell Boundaries

1

100

When particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated it is called

diffusion

200

Does diffusion require the cell to use energy?

No

300

Can all substances diffuse across the cell membrane?

No

400

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane is called

Osmosis

500

Name at least one molecule or substance that can diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

2

100

Structures on the cell membrane that allow water to diffuse across the cell membrane in osmosis are called

aquaporins

200

A membrane that allows a substance to pass through it is said to be ___________________________ to that substance

permeable

300

A membrane does not allow a substance to pass through it is said to be________________________ to that substance

impermeable

400

Membranes that allow some substances to pass through them and some substances not to pass through them are said to be

selectively permeable

500

The mass of solute in a given volume of solution or mass divided by volume is call

concentration

3

100

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution is called a

solute

200

a substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution is called a

solvent

300

two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that have equal concentrations of the solution on both sides of the membrane are said to be

isotonic

400

two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that have higher concentrations of the solution on the outside of the membrane are said to be

hypertonic

500

two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that have lower concentrations of the solution on the outside of the membrane are said to be

hypotonic

4

100

an animal cell in a____________ solution will fill up and swell with water

hypotonic

200

an animal cell in a____________ solution will shrink and release water

hypertonic

300

an animal cell in a____________ solution will keep its same shape with equal amounts of water on both the inside and outside of the cell

isotonic

400

The movement of specific molecules across the cell membrane through protein channels without the use of energy is called

facilitated diffusion

500

a process that moves materials across the cell membrane against a concentration difference that requires energy

Active Transport

5

100

the process of taking materials into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane is called

endocytosis

200

When extensions of cytoplasm and the cell membrane surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole, it is called

phagocytosis

300

Tiny pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid and pinch off to form vacuoles within the cell it is called

pinocytosis

400

when the membrane of a vacuole surrounding material to be expelled from a cell fuses with the cell membrane and forces the contents out of the cell it is called

exocytosis

500

Why does active transport require energy, while diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion do not require energy

Active transport moves materials against the concentration gradient or from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration, which is the opposite of diffusion