Dates
When was the first crusade?
1095-1099
What battle was a catastrophic loss for the Byzantine empire?
Battle of Manzikert
What was the only successful crusade?
The First Crusade
What order wears black with white crosses?
Knights of the Hospital
What is the main goal of the Knights of the Temple?
Protection of Christian pilgrims
When was the fourth crusade?
1202-1204
What group of new converts took over the Abbasid caliphate (though kept them as a puppet)?
Seljuk Turks
What prompts the third crusade?
Fall of Jerusalem in 1187
What is the main goal of the Knights of the Hospital?
To care for the sick and wounded
Where did Vlad Dracul learn impalement/psychological warfare?
Ottoman court
When was the battle of Manzikert?
1071
What is the Great Schism? (Who split and over what issue?)
Split between East and Western Christianity over if the Roman pope has authority over the Eastern church too
Who are two major people involved in the Third Crusade?
Richard the Lionheart; Saladin; Philip Augustus (Philip II); Frederick Barbarossa
What king was instrumental in the dissolution of the Knights of the Temple?
Philip IV (BOOOOOO)
What crusader fought for both Christians and Muslims
El Cid
When were the Templars founded?
1129
What did Alexios I primarily/initially want when he called on Pope Urban II for help?
Funds to buy mercenaries
What are two main things the first crusade accomplishes?
Retakes Jerusalem
Establish Crusader States
What council established the Knights of the Temple, and when?
Council of Troyes in 1129
What was the Saladin Tithe?
Richard the Lionheart imposes this tax on subjects if they do not go on the crusade in an effort to raise money to go crusading
When was the battle of Hattin?
1187
Name 3 goals of the crusades
Defeat Muslims who threaten Constantinople
Save the Byzantine Empire
Reunite East and West Christianity
Reconquer the Holy Land
Win heaven
Explain the 4th Crusade
Never make it to the Holy Land; sack Zara to fulfill Venetian shipbuilding contract; reinstall Byzantine emperor, but then eventually sack Constantinople when they fail to live up to promises to provide support for the crusade
When were the Knights of the Hospital founded, and what year were they militarized?
1099; 1113
What did the Treaty of Jaffa do?
Jerusalem stays under Muslim control, safe passage for Christian pilgrims to and from Jerusalem, Christian control of coast (from Tyre to Jaffa)