VARS, SELECTIONS, & LOOPS
This loop is best when you want to execute at least once, and so is good for input validation.
What is a do while loop?
This logical unary operator flips true to false and false to true.
What is ! (aka not)?
This is a named set of statements you can invoke/call, to which you may send (an) argument(s), and from which you may get back value(s).
What is a function?
By default, values are passed to functions like this, and do not change the arguments where the call was made.
What is pass by value (aka pass by copy)?
This library is used to read and write to the console.
What is iostream?
This loop is best when you know how many times you need to loop in advance.
What is a for loop?
To be true, this logical operator requires both expressions it evaluates to be true.
What is && (aka and)?
Although not required, you may put function declarations/prototypes/signatures in this type of file, which you can then include in other files.
What is a header file?
These delimiters are used around a function’s parameter list.
What are parentheses ( )?
This function call returns true when cin tries to read data of the wrong type.
What is cin.fail()?
This selection construct can choose easily between integers/characters.
What is a switch statement?
If the first expression is true, this logical operator won’t evaluate the second expression.
What is || (aka or)?
This is comprised of a function body surrounded by curly braces { } and a function header at the top.
What is a function definition?
You can use this if you want to pass back more than one value from a function.
What is pass by reference?
Calling this function resets the cin error flag, so future calls to cin will work.
What is cin.clear()?
This is where the value of a variable is known.
What is its scope?
You can place these between multiple input variables used with a single call to cin.
What are insertion operators >>?
You put this at the end of a function declaration (aka prototype), but not at the end of a function header in a function definition.
What is a semicolon?
Use this return type when the function doesn’t return a value.
What is void?
This library is used to format output.
What is iomanip?
In contrast to a local variable, which is known only in the function where it’s declared, this type of variable is known by everything below where it’s declared. (limit usage to very few constants)
What is a global variable?
While integer division allows us to retrieve 4 from 13 / 3, this operator allows us to get the remainder of 1 from 13 / 3.
What is the modulus operator %?
Main is referred to as this when its purpose is to call the other functions in the program to make sure they’re working properly.
What is a driver?
This is where default parameters can be specified (e.g. function header, prototype, call).
What is the function prototype?
This library is used to read and write to files.
What is fstream?
Unlike regular local variables, this one retains its value between calls to the function where it’s defined.
What is a static variable?
These types of operators have lower precedence than relational operators and are used to combine the checking of several relational conditions.
What are logical operators?
These types of functions have the same name but different parameters.
What are overloaded functions?
This is where you must place parameters with default values in a function prototype.
What is on the right?
This returns true when there is no more data to be read from file stream infile.
What is infile.eof()?
You can change the type of an integer you know will always be positive to this, if you want it to require the same amount of storage, but be able to store larger values.
What is unsigned int?
This unary operator is used to send a reference for a variable to a function when passing by reference.
What is the reference operator &?
The function signature below show passes back this many and these types of values.
string myFunct (int &p1, char p2);
What are one string and one integer?
In pass by reference, this unary operator is used to indicate “address of” in the function prototype and header.
What is ampersand &?
This library is used to read and write to streams.
What is sstream?