Unit 1
a primitive data type that can be either true or false
boolean
a container that stores a value in memory
variable
an integer value that indicates the position of a value in a data structure
index
a set of rules that describe how to simplify complex Boolean expressions
De Morgan's Laws
an error that occurs when the code runs but does not do what was expected
logic error
to exit a method and go back to the point in the program that called it with the requested value or information
return
a combination of data and operators that evaluates to a single value
expression
a variable whose value cannot be changed once it has been assigned
constant
to assign a value of one type to another
cast
an error that occurs when attempting to access an index that is negative, greater than, or equal to the size of the array
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
a conditional or iteration statement which affects the flow of a program
control structure
giving a starting value to a variable using the assignment operator ( = )
initialization
the ability of an object to perform an action in different ways
polymorphism
a class that cannot be extended
final class
an error caused by dividing by zero
ArithmeticException
a bug that occurs at the highest or lowest end of a range of possible values or in extreme situations
edge case
a keyword used to set the visibility of classes, variables, constructors, and methods
access modifier
a condition that must always be true just before the execution of a code segment
precondition
a method that requires an object of the class to be created before it can be called
instance method
an error that occurs when we try to access an index value that is greater than the length of the array
off-by-one error
the process of breaking a problem down into smaller parts to write methods for each part
method decomposition
changes the value stored in an instance variable
mutator method
an object whose state cannot be modified after it is created
a process in which the evaluation of a logical expression exits when the result is clear, even before the complete evaluation of the expression
short-circuited evaluation
an error that occurs when a reference does not point to an object
NullPointerException