All things communication
The oral expression of language
What is speech?
A variety of language that has developed through a complex interplay of historical, social, political, educational, and linguistic forces; refers to both speech and language differences.
What is a dialect?
A disorder that is caused by a demonstrable pathology of an organ system.
What is an organic disorder?
The discriptors "voiceless bilabial stop" refer to this classification system.
What are place, manner, and voicing?
The argument that one is born with innate abilities to communicate.
What is nature?
Rule based communication made of expressive and receptive components.
What is language?
This term refers to speech differences only.
What is an accent?
Prenatal and postnatal conditions such as nutrition and social status that influence speech and language development.
What are environmental factors?
The four speech processes.
What is respiration, phonation, resonance, and articulation?
The argument that humans require a model in order to communicate.
What is nurture?
A bi-directional process that allows for the sending and receiving of messages.
What is communication?
Socioeconomic, Race and ethnicity, Region, Context, Gender, Age/time, Bilingualism, Peer group, First language exposed to and age of exposure
What are factors that contribute to language diversity?
An injury to the brain that occurs from the outside, that can have a range of symptoms, severity, and recovery, impacting speech, language, cognition, peresonality, and motor skills.
What is TBI?
The process of opening and closing of the vocal folds, leading to vibrations in the air that travels from the lungs into the vocal tract (source of sound)
What is phonation?
The theory that states that cognitve development occurs through a series of interactions that children use to organize their environments via adaptations.
What is Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
A framework for thinking about the components of language as they pertain to disorders.
What are form, content, and use?
Accents, dialects, and language differences are this in between term, showing no superiority or inferiority.
What is neutral?
This sensory impairment can impact the development of joint attention and pragmatics.
What is low vision or blindness.
The process by which certain frequencies in the laryngeal tone are reinforced or emphasized depending on the size and shape of the resonators, including the pharynx, mouth, and nasal cavity (filter)
What is resonance
The term that describes when two people attend to the same task, event, thought, or object.
Joint attention
Phonology, Morphology, Semantics, Syntax, and Pragmatics
What are the Big 5?
Genesee's theory that the child uses two separate language systems from the beginning, which is in contrast to the Unitary Language System Hypothesis that states that two languages are not learned separately, but as a single, hybrid language in simultaneous bilinguals.
What is the Dual Language System Hypothesis?
Phonological disorders and specific language impairment.
What are functional language disorders?
Acoustic energy hits the eardrum and creates vibrations of the ossicles, which transfer their mechanical energy to the oval window of the cochlea, creating hydraulic energy which excites the hair cells, triggering an electrical energy impulses to travel down through the auditory nerve and into the CNS.
What is hearing?
The two visual precursors to joint attention.